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2024 Vol. 54, No. 9 Published: 2024-09-25   689 Functionalized bioactive glass scaffold promotes orbital bone regeneration LIU Zhirong, REN Xiaobin,YAO Qingqing, WU Wencan DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.001 Objective: To enhance the osteogenic differentiation function of stem cells by doping metal ions into bioactive glass (BG) scaffolds and loading hypoxia-induced adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hExo) on the scaffold surface to enhance the scaffold’s angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties,ultimately achieving orbital bone defect repair. Methods: Through ALP protein quantification and PCR analysis of osteogenesis-related gene expression, we compared the osteogenic effect of BMP2, IGF-1, hExo, Zn, and Sr on rADSCs to identify the most suitable osteogenic inducer and explore its optimal concentration. With hExo loaded onto BG/Zn scaffolds, their effects on angiogenesis, stem cell recruitment, and anti-inflammatory functions were investigated in vitro. Results: This study successfully fabricated Zn-doped and hExo-functionalized BG scaffolds using 3D printing technology. In vitro experimental results showed that Zn ions, compared with Sr ions, could serve as the most suitable osteogenic dopant, and the experiment of Zn ions incorporated into the BG scaffolds, the results demonstrated that a doping concentration of 10 mmol/L significantly promoted the expression of ALP protein and osteogenic-related genes OPN, RUNX2, ALP, OCN and BMP2 as well (P<0.01). Hypoxiainduced exosomes significantly promoted the expression of angiogenic factors HIF-1α, VEGF and chemokine SDF-1 (P<0.05), with the above pro-angiogenic function retained after hExo modification on the BG/Zn scaffold (P<0.05). Finally, BG, BG/Zn, and BG/Zn-hExo scaffolds were implanted into the orbital bone defect of New Zealand white rabbits for in vivo experiments, and the CT results demonstrated that the BG/Zn-hExo scaffold could significantly promote orbital bone regeneration. Conclusion: Zn ions and hExo, as safe and effective additives,can be utilized to functionalize BG scaffolds, which can enhance the scaffold’s osteogenic and angiogenic properties and optimize bone tissue engineering implant materials. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 689-700 [Abstract] ( 113 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2925 KB)  ( 362 ) 701 Expression characteristics and clinical application value of Stratifin in non-small cell lung cancer WANG Enqin, XU Hongkun, WANG Qing, WANG Hongbin, ZHANG Lihong DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.002 Objective: To investigate the expression characteristics and clinical value of Stratifin (SFN) in tumor tissue and peripheral blood of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Bioin ormatics database was used to analyze the expression of SFN in NSCLC tissues, the relationship between SFN expression level and the patient’s prognosis, and the relationship between SFN expression and immune cell infiltration,etc. The expression levels of SFN in NSCLC tissues and peripheral blood of patients were detected by immunohistochemistry and ELISA respectively, and the ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of SFN in NSCLC. Results: The results of Bioinformatics database analysis showed that the expression of SFN in NSCLC tissues was significantly increased (P<0.05), and its expression level was correlated with the T stage of lung adenocarcinoma patients (P<0.05). The expression level of SFN in NSCLC was correlated with infiltration of various immune cells (P<0.05) and its high expression indicated poor prognosis of patients (P<0.05).Immunohistochemical results showed that NSCLC patients had higher expression of SFN in tumor tissues (95.4%) than in adjacent tissues (39.4%), with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The serum SFN level of NSCLC patients was significantly higher than that of benign lung patients and healthy individuals (P<0.05).The cut-off value of SFN was 530.1 pg/mL in the diagnosis of NSCLC with the AUC being 0.716. Conclusion:SFN was highly expressed in tissues and peripheral blood of NSCLC patients, which has certain diagnostic and prognostic value for NSCLC, and its expression level may be used as a potential marker of NSCLC. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 701-708 [Abstract] ( 109 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2842 KB)  ( 338 ) 709 The value of machine learning models based on 18F-FDG PET/CT radiomics for predicting the degree of tumour differentiation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer YU Jun, LI Yang, YANG Xue, BI Xiaofeng, REN Dongdong, REN Chunling, HUANG Lei DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.003 Objective: To investigate the value of different machine learning models based on 18F-FDG PET/CT radiomics for predicting the degree of tumour differentiation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: Three hundred and twenty-five patients with NSCLC (191 males, 134 females, aged 40-85 years) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT followed by radical surgery from January 2019 to August 2023 were retrospectively enrolled, including 157 patients with non-poorly differentiated and 168 patients with poorly differentiated. Patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (227 cases) and a validation cohort (98 cases) in a 7:3 ratio. LIFEx 7.4.3 software was used to extract the PET/CT radiomics features, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method and 10-fold cross-validation were used for feature screening. Seven machine learning models, namely decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), K-nearest neighbour (KNN), naive bayesian (NB),extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR) models, were constructed based on the selected optimal feature subsets. The ROC curve analysis was used to assess the predictive ability of various models. Results: A total of 250 radiomics features were extracted from PET/CT images, and 10 radiomics features were finally screened by the LASSO algorithm and 10-fold cross-validation, including 5 PET features and 5 CT features. Among the seven machine learning models constructed, the AUCs of the DT, RF,and XGBoost models in the training cohort were 0.858, 0.951, and 0.936, respectively, and decreased to 0.594,0.694, and 0.668 in the validation cohort, with obvious overfitting. The AUCs of KNN, NB, SVM, LR models in the training cohort were 0.773, 0.759, 0.801, 0.761, and in the validation cohort were 0.680, 0.668, 0.726, 0.688,respectively, which have strong generalisation ability and stability. Conclusion: The machine learning models based on 18F-FDG PET/CT radiomics can effectively predict the degree of tumour differentiation in patients with NSCLC, and the KNN, NB, SVM and LR models have high AUCs in both the training and validation cohorts,which may help in clinical decision-making and the formulation of individualized treatment plans. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 709-717 [Abstract] ( 103 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1612 KB)  ( 312 ) 718 GV1001 alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting cGAS/STING signaling pathway Chen Jiming, Lin Hui, Meng Liping, Yu Ziheng, Lu Kongjie DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.004 Objective: To investigate the protective effect of telomerase-derived peptide GV1001 on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiac toxicity in mice and its potential mechanisms. Methods: A DOX-induced cardiac toxicity animal model was established in C57BL/6 mice by administering DOX (20 mg/kg), which were divided as the control group, DOX group, GV1001 groups of different concentration (6, 30 and 60 μmol/kg).Mouse’s cardiac function was assessed, and markers of myocardial injury were detected in serum; heart tissues were subjected to HE staining and Masson staining; myocardial levels of MDA, T-SOD, and GSH-PX were measured using spectrophotometry; protein was extracted from heart tissue, and Western blot was performed to evaluate the expression levels of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), phosphorylated stimulator of interferon genes (STING), and IRF3. Changes in myocardial tissue damage and oxidative stress were also assessed after administration of STING agonist. Results: Compared with the control group, mice in the DOX group exhibited decreased LVIDd, LVEF, and LVFS, increased LVIDs, disrupted myocardial fiber arrangement, nuclear condensation, vacuolization, and increased collagen deposition (all P<0.05). Concurrently, serum myocardial enzyme cTnI, CK⁃MB and LDH were increased, and so did myocardial MDA levels, while SOD and GSH levels decreased (all P<0.05). Compared with the DOX group, mice in the GV1001 groups of different dose showed increased LVIDd, LVEF, and LVFS, reduced myocardial damage, mitigatory vacuolization, decreased collagen deposition, lower serum levels of cTnI, CK⁃MB and LDH, lower myocardial MDA level and increased T-SOD and GSH-PX levels (all P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expressions of cGAS, p-STING, and p-IRF3 protein in the hearts of DOX-treated mice were all increased (P<0.05). After treatment with GV1001, the expressions of cGAS, p-STING, and p-IRF3 were decreased (P<0.05) in DOX-treated mice. The improvement of cardiac function by GV1001 in DOX-treated mice was attenuated, and the inhibition of oxidative stress in cardiac tissue was reduced after administration with STING agonist. Conclusion: GV1001 can alleviate DOX-induced myocardial damage in mice, possibly by reducing oxidative stress levels through the inhibition of the cGAS/STING pathway. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 718-724,731 [Abstract] ( 150 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1917 KB)  ( 280 ) 725 Correlation between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and fractional flow reserve in patients with coronary intermediate lesions and its clinical value YE Shiyong, LYU Lingchun, HU Wuming, XU Jian, SHENG Jiayi,HU Qiongyi. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.005 Objective: To investigate the correlation between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and fractional llow reserve (FFR) in patients with coronary intermediate lesions and to assess the clinical value of NLR in predicting coronary artery ischemia. Methods: The clinical data from 105 stable coronary heart disease patients with coronary intermediate lesions (50%-70% stenosis) confirmed by coronary angiography at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2022 to August 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. Peripheral venous blood was collected before coronary angiography to calculate NLR, and FFR was measured during coronary angiography. Based on FFR results, patients were categorized into FFR<0.8 (indicating physiological ischemia) and FFR≥0.8 group. General clinical and laboratory data were compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis, restricted cube spline (RCS), multivariate Logistic regression analysis,and ROC curve were employed to assess the correlation between NLR and FFR and the predictive clinical value of NLR for coronary physiological ischemia. Results: Patients in the FFR<0.8 group exhibited significantly higher rate of diabetes history, total white blood cell count, neutrophil count, NLR, and hsCRP compared with the FFR≥0.8 group. Meanwhile, lymphocyte count in the FFR<0.8 group was notably lower (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between NLR and FFR (r=-0.447, P<0.001). RCS analysis demonstrated an overall association between NLR and the presence or absence of coronary physiological ischemia (P=0.001), without non-linear correlation (P=0.123). After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that NLR independently predicted FFR<0.8 in patients with coronary intermediate lesions (OR=4.101, 95%CI=2.002-8.403, P<0.001). ROC curve analysis identified the optimal NLR cut-off point for FFR<0.8 as 2.34, with a sensitivity of 80.90%, specificity of 79.30%, and an area under the curve of 0.814 (95%CI=0.734-0.894). Conclusion: NLR demonstrates a negative correlation with FFR, offering valuable predictive insights into the physiological ischemia of coronary intermediate lesions. It holds high reference value for guiding therapeutic planning in such cases. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 725-731 [Abstract] ( 91 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1458 KB)  ( 287 ) 732 Correlation between the levels of miR-106a, miR-34a in periodontal ligament tissue and inflammatory response, alveolar bone resorption in patients with periodontitis Shen Dan, Wang Linhong DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.006 Objective: To analyze the correlation between the levels of miR-106a, miR-34a in periodontal ligament tissue and inflammatory response, alveolar bone resorption in patients with periodontitis. Methods: From June 2021 to June 2023, 81 patients with periodontitis who received treatment in Xiaoshan Hospital Affiliated to Hangzhou Normal University were collected as the periodontitis group, another 81 orthodontic patients who received treatment in the same hospital were collected as the control group. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was applied to determine the expression levels of miR-106a and miR-34a in periodontal ligament tissue; Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), chemokine 12 (CXCL12), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-17 (IL-17), cross-linked C- terminal peptide of type I collagen (CTX),procollagen amino-terminal peptide of type I (PINP) and osteoprotegerin (OPD) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pearson method was applied to analyze the correlation between the expression of miR-106a, miR-34a in periodontal ligament tissue, and inflammatory response, alveolar bone resorption indicators. The ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of miR-106a and miR-34a in periodontal ligament tissue. Results: Compared with the control group, the expression levels of plaque index (PLI), gingival sulcus bleeding index (BI), probing depth (PD) and attachment loss (AL) in periodontitis group were significantly higher (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression levels of HSP60, CXCL12, ICAM-1 and IL-17 in periodontitis group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of CTX and NTX were significantly increased, while the expression levels of PINP, OPG and Runx2 were significantly decreased, with statistical significance (P<0.05). According to Pearson correlation analysis, miR-106a was negatively correlated with levels of HSP60, CXCL12, ICAM-1, IL-17, CTX, and NTX (P<0.05),and positively correlated with levels of PINP, OPG, and Runx2 (P<0.05). The expression level of miR-34a was positively and negatively correlated with HSP60, CXCL12, ICAM-1, IL-17, CTX, and NTX levels (P<0.05),and negatively correlated with PINP, OPG, and Runx2 levels (P<0.05). The AUC of the periodontal ligament tissue miR-106a and miR-34a combined in the diagnosis of periodontitis was the highest, better than that of the periodontal ligament tissue miR-106a and miR-34a separately (zcombined-miR-106a=2.553, P=0.011, zcombined-miR-34a=2.834, P=0.005). Conclusion: The level of miR-106a in periodontal ligament tissue of patients with periodontitis obviously decreases, while the level of miR-34a obviously increases, showing a correlation between the two and inflammatory response, alveolar bone resorption, and the combined diagnosis of periodontitis was more effective. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 732-737 [Abstract] ( 104 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1376 KB)  ( 254 ) 738 Effect of attentional bias modification training on attentional bias in drug withdrawal ZHANG Lijun,ZHOU Wanjun, ZHOU Qiang DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.007 Objective: To discuss the interventional effect of the attention bias modification (ABM) on those who are in the psychological withdrawal period of drug addiction. Methods: A total of 117 participants who were in the drug withdrawal period from the compulsory detoxification center were selected and separated into two experiments. Experiment 1 (n=58) was to explore the influence of ABM on the attentional bias of drugrelated stimuli in drug abstainers. Experiment 2 (n=56) was to discuss whether the level of attentional bias of the participants inspired from the theoretical model and paradigm of stereotype would have the same inf uence after receiving different intervention stimuli. Results: Experiment 1 showed that there was marginal significant attentional bias in the pre-test (P=0.095) on participants who were in psychological drug withdrawal period, but there was no significant attentional bias in the post-test (P=0.153). In addition, a significant attentional bias was found in the pre-test (P=0.035), and there was marginal significant attentional bias in the post-test (P=0.096) in Experiment 2.Conclusion: The attentional bias modification training may decrease attentional bias for drug-related stimuli in the anticipated direction. ABM could alter attentional bias by increasing the activation of attention bias. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 738-743,749 [Abstract] ( 84 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1498 KB)  ( 187 ) 744 Application effect of press-needle technique in postoperative nursing of elderly patients with hip fracture YU Xifen, FENG Leling, YING Ying, JIA Feifei, YU Hui, XU Ding DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.008 Objective: To explore the application effect of press-needle technique in the postoperative nursing of elderly patients with hip fracture. Methods: A total of 236 elderly patients with hip fracture admitted to Ningbo No.6 Hospital from February 2021 to November 2022 were selected as the research subjects, of whom 120 patients were included in the routine nursing group who were given routine nursing measures and 116 were in the press-needle nursing group who were given needling nursing for 5 days based on dialectic nursing for qi deficiency and blood stasis type. The differences in pain degree (VAS score), sleep quality, Harris score and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Binary Logstic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to screen the influencing factors affecting the VAS score and Harris score of patients. Results: The press-needle nursing group had lower VAS score than the routine nursing group in postoperative 1 d, 3 d, and 5 d. The press-needle nursing group had better sleep quality scores than the routine nursing group 3 and 5 days after operation (P<0.05). The press-needle nursing group had higher Harris score than that the routine group 1 week after operation (P<0.05). The press-needle nursing group had lower incidence of constipation, nausea and vomiting than the routine nursing group (P<0.05). Binary Logstic regression showed that press-needle nursing was the influencing factor of the severity of VAS score one day after operation (OR=0.249, 95%CI=0.186-0.609, P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that intradermal needling nursing was the influencing factor of Harris score at 1 week after operation (β=1.324, 95%CI=1.201-2.668,P<0.001). Conclusion: The application of press-needle in the postoperative nursing of elderly patients with hip fracture can alleviate postoperative pain in early stage, improve hip joint function of patients and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting and constipation. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 744-749 [Abstract] ( 105 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1340 KB)  ( 241 ) 750 Three common surface disinfection methods in hospitals: a comparison of their effectiveness on items carried by medical staff ZHENG Afen, HUANG Chongjie, YU Yahui, YE Xiaojing, XUE Qingyi, ZHANG Chunmei DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.009 Objective: To understand the current situation of bacterial contamination of personal belongings carried by medical staff in hospitals, and to explore the effect of different disinfectants on the personal belongings carried by medical staff, so as to provide reference for hospital infection management. Methods: A total of 135 samples of five types of high-frequency contact objects (mobile phones, medical pens, watches, badges, keys) were collected from the medical staff working with the outpatient, surgical, and internal medicine departments of the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Alcohol (alcohol group), 500 mg/L chlorine containing disinfectant (chlorine containing disinfectant group), and disposable double chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant wipes (disposable disinfectant wipes group) were used for disinfection,and the surface bacterial count and species were sampled and analyzed before disinfection and 5 minutes, 2 hours, and 4 hours after disinfection, and then their disinfection effect at different time points after disinfection was compared. Results: The surface qualification rate of medical personnel carrying items without cleaning and disinfection was only 12.5%, indicating severe contamination and a wide variety of bacterial species. Five minutes after disinfection, the disposable disinfectant wipes group and chlorine disinfectant group showed significantly better bacterial reduction compared with the alcohol group (P<0.05), with bacterial counts decreased from (12.36±3.11) cfu/cm², (12.64±3.98) cfu/cm², and (12.09±4.15) cfu/cm² to (0.40±0.18) cfu/cm², (0.31±0.11) cfu/cm², and (1.62±0.54) cfu/cm², respectively. Although bacterial counts increased at 2-hour and 4-hour points, the levels in the disposable disinfectant wipes and chlorine disinfectant groups remained significantly lower than in the alcohol group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Items carried by medical staff in hospitals has serious bacterial contamination. The disinfection effect is most significant in the initial stage. Disposable disinfectant wipes and chlorine containing disinfectants show better disinfection effect than alcohol in the short term. It is recommended to choose efficient disinfectants and apply them appropriately and frequently. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 750-754 [Abstract] ( 91 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1332 KB)  ( 244 ) 760 The role of post-translational modifications in the Hippo signaling kinase cascade SHEN Yifan, HUANG Hui, JIAO Jiantong, SHAO Junfei DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.012 The Hippo pathway, comprising MST, SAV1, MOB and LATS kinases, is commonly disrupted in aggressive cancers. Dysregulation of Hippo pathway activation drives tumorigenesis, chemoresistance, and metastasis. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as ubiquitylation, SUMOylation, acetylation, play a critical role in regulating the activation, deactivation, and subcellular localization of signaling proteins. PTMs also facilitate signal initiation, amplification, and transduction. Emerging evidence indicates that several key signaling molecules in the Hippo pathway are tightly regulated by PTMs. This review summarizes the current understanding of PTMs’ effects on Hippo signaling and discusses potential therapeutic interventions based on PTMs and the Hippo pathway. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 760-766 [Abstract] ( 102 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1346 KB)  ( 230 ) 767 The application of flipped classroom teaching based on the “5E” mode in physiology course PANG Lingxia, XU Xingxing, JIN Keke, MENG Hongbing, YAN Chenjie, XU Yiding, YUAN Linbo DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.013 Objective: To explore the application effect of flipped classroom teaching based on the “5E” model in physiology course. Methods: Flipped classroom teaching based on the “5E” teaching model was carried out in Physiology in the experimental group consisting of 150 undergraduates of Grade 2020 majoring in clinical medicine from the First Clinical College, and meanwhile 150 undergraduates of Grade 2020 from the Second Clinical College were selected as the control group to implement the traditional teaching. In the experimental group, the teacher stimulated students’ learning interest by introducing videos, cases or reports, setting questions to guide students to carry out group cooperative inquiry learning based on questions, flipping the learning results in the form of reports, and realizing knowledge transformation and application in combination with cases or practices.By the end of the semester, a questionnaire survey was conducted to compare students’ satisfaction with the classroom teaching, taking into account teaching supervision scores, peer teacher scores, students’ final examination scores, classroom performance and probational scores. Results: Students’ satisfaction with the teaching objectives, teaching content, teaching method, process arrangement, teaching evaluation, classroom atmosphere, teachers’ attention and teaching concept had significantly higher rate in the experimental group than the control group; the final physiology examination score, experimental performance, classroom participation,after-class flipping, extracurricular activities, and the scores in Zhejiang Online University Platform, general evaluation were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: The flipped classroom teaching based on the “5E” mode improves students’ classroom participation and interest in learning, improves the teaching effect of physiology to a certain extent, and promotes the cultivation of students’ability to study independently, to cooperate with others and to express themselves. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 767-770,封三 [Abstract] ( 147 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1319 KB)  ( 260 ) 771 The application of Balint group in doctor-patient communication course JIN Xiaofeng, LIN Xinya, XIAO Jian DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2024.09.014 Objective: To explore the impact of Balint group activities embedded in the doctor-patient communication course on the resident masters’ doctor-patient communication ability and empathic ability.Methods: A total of 60 first-year master students were recruited and evenly divided into 2 groups. The experimental group participated in the doctor-patient communication course with Balint group activities, while the control group only took part in the traditional doctor-patient communication course. SEGUE Scale and Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Student Version (JSPE-S) were used to investigate the doctor-patient communication ability and empathic ability; and by the end of the course, a questionnaire survey was made to analyze the two groups’ satisfaction with the course. Results: Before and after the doctor-patient communication course, the experimental group showed significant improvement compared with the control group, with higher total scores, scores on various dimensions of the SEGUE scale and JSPE-S scale (all P<0.01). In the experimental group, the total score on the SEGUE scale increased by 39.83% compared with pre-intervention (P<0.01), and the total score on the JSPE-S scale increased by 19.51% compared with pre-intervention (P<0.01). Additionally,the experimental group’s evaluation of teaching satisfaction was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Balint group combined with doctor-patient communication course teaching can more effectively improve the doctor-patient communication ability and empathy ability of resident master, and improve course satisfaction. 2024 Vol. 54 (9): 771-774,封三 [Abstract] ( 101 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1318 KB)  ( 232 )

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