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2022 Vol. 52, No. 9 Published: 2022-09-25   689 Calculation of the phenanthrene reactivity and pharmacodynamics in Dendrobium officinale WENG Yueyue, LI Zhenyue， YU Deguan, ZENG Jingjie, WU Shoubiao, LIU Xiaoxiao, WANG Chaojie DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.001 Objective: To investigate the structural characteristics, spectral properties, reactivity, and pharmacodynamic properties of phenanthrenes in Dendrobium officinale using density functional theory combined with ACD/Labs percepta platform. Methods: The structure and spectral properties of 12 phenanthrene compounds in Dendrobium officinale were calculated at the level of ωB97XD/6-311+G (d, p) in the density functional theory.The reactivity including molecular surface electrostatic potential, global and local reactivity descriptors were calculated. And then the pharmacodynamic parameters were predicted by ACD/labs percepta platform. Results:12 phenanthrenes had good solvent stability. The theoretical value of UV-Vis spectra agrees well with the experimental data. The reactivity order of 12 phenanthrene compounds is phenanthrene quinone > phenanthrene>dihydrophenanthrene. The reaction site of each compound was compared: compounds 1-8 (phenanthrene type), C9 and C10 had the highest reaction activity; compound 9 (phenquinone type) had the highest reaction activity on ketone group. Compounds 10, 11, 12 (dihydrophenanthrene type) had strong reactivity with C2 and C7 linked to the electron-donating group. Among the 12 compounds, -OH(O) was prone to electrophilic reaction.Pharmacodynamics analysis showed that all the 12 phenanthrenes were in line with Lipinski pharmacological principle, with good passive diffusion ability and strong plasma protein binding ability, and might have slight genotoxicity. Compounds 6, 7, 8 were moderately absorbed in the small intestine, which did not easily pen-etrate the blood-brain barrier and hardly had inhibitory effect on liver drug enzymes. Compounds 6, 7, 8, 9 and 12 had no cardiotoxicity. Conclusion: Theoretical investigation revealed the structure-activity relationship of phenanthrenes in Dendrobium officinale and elucidated their active sites, which provides theoretical support for subsequent structural modification and pharmacokinetic studies. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 689-696 [Abstract] ( 473 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2139 KB)  ( 826 ) 697 The value of Native T1 in the differential diagnosis of Takotsubo syndrome and acute myocardial infarction caused by left anterior descending coronary artery obstruction SU Yanping, LU Chenying,LYU Lingchun, ZHENG Shenfei, WANG Junhe, CHEN Minjiang, JI Jiansong DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.002 Objective: To investigate the differential diagnostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) Native T1 in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) and acute myocardial infarction with left anterior descending coronary artery obstruction (AMI-LAD). Methods: 13 patients with TTS and 26 patients with AMI-LAD in Lishui Central Hospital from January 2018 to February 2022 were collected, who underwent 3.0 T CMR including Cine, T2STIR, T1 mapping, T2 mapping and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequences. General data and serum biomarkers like CTNI, MYO, CK, CKMB, ALT, AST, CRP, LDH, BNP, and left ventricle function parameters like EF, EDV, ESV, SV, HR, CO, CI, and myocardial strains like GSR, GSC, GSL, and Native T1, ECV, and Native T2 of the two groups were compared. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to screen independent risk factors and conduct modeling analysis. Results: TTS tends to occur in women, and tends to have lower BMI, CTNI, CKMB, but higher BNP, CRP, CK, and LDH. The left ventricle and edema segments in TTS have higher Native T1, T2, and lower ECV compared to AMI-LAD (P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis suggested that BNP (OR=1.001, 95%CI=1.000-1.003, P=0.040) and Native T1 (OR=1.021, 95%CI=1.002-1.040, P=0.030) were the independent risk factors for TTS differentiating from AMI. BNP, T1native. ROC curve analysis showed combined models had AUCs of 0.852 (95%CI=0.702-0.945), 0.911(95%CI=0.776-0.978), and 0.920 (95%CI=0.787-0.983), respectively. They had a sensitivity of 84.62%, 84.62%, and 84.62%, and a specificity of 76.92%, 84.62%, and 96.15%, respectively. Conclusion:Native T1 is of important value in the differential diagnosis of TTS and AMI-LAD, and when combined with BNP, it can improve the diagnostic efficiency. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 697-704 [Abstract] ( 426 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1940 KB)  ( 530 ) 705 Experimental study on the construction of animal model of low-temperature minimally invasive cryolipolysis HU Dali, CAO Weihong, ZHU Lili, QIU Lingjiang, LIN Weigang, CAI Weichao, YANG Linjing,YE Chao. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.003 Objective: To establish a minimally invasive Cryolipolysis model of subcutaneous fat in rats.Methods: The rats were randomly divided into low temperature group (0 ℃ group, -20 ℃ group, -40 ℃ group, -60 ℃ group, -80 ℃ group) and room temperature Control group (Control group). Local cold injury of subcutaneous fat in rats was caused by different low temperature intervention, and fat thickness and pathological changes were observed. Results: B-ultrasonography showed that fat thickness decreased to varying degrees in all low-temperature test groups, with the most obvious reduction in fat thickness. No epidermal damage was found when the temperature was -60 ℃ and the contact time was 60 s, which was in line with the requirements of the Cryolipolysis research model (P<0.01). Pathology showed that with the decrease of temperature after local freezing, the inflammatory reaction in adipose tissue was gradually enhanced, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells and destruction of adipose cells became more obvious (P<0.01). The infiltration of inflammatory cells in adipose tissue reached the peak when the temperature was -60 ℃ and the contact time was 60 s (P<0.01). Immunohistochemistry showed that NF-κB-p65 expression was obvious at week 2 and TGF-β1 expression was obvious at week 4, which were significantly different from control group (P<0.01). When the temperature was as below -20 ℃, the apoptosis of Tunel stained adipocytes increased gradually, and the apoptosis was most obvious when the low temperature (-60 ℃) was intervened 60 s. Conclusion: Under the condition of 60 seconds’ intervention at -60 ℃, a stable minimally invasive Cryolipolysis model of subcutaneous fat in SD rats can be established by using low-temperature probe technology. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 705-711 [Abstract] ( 308 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2281 KB)  ( 579 ) 712 The effect of Ginsenoside Rh2 on proliferation and apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells through regulating GSK-3β/Wnt dual signaling pathway PAN Tianlong, PAN Jun. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.004 Objective: To investigate the effect of Ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2) on the proliferation, apoptosis,migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells, and to further explore the specific antitumor mechanism of Rh2.Methods: Osteosarcoma cells were treated with different concentrations of Rh2. MTT assay was used to detect the activity of osteosarcoma cells. Matrigel invasion and Transwell migration assay were used to detect the changes in invasion and migration ability of osteosarcoma cells. Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit and flow cytometry were used to detect the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. The expression of related proteins was detected by Western blot. Results: After osteosarcoma cells were treated with different concentrations of Rh2.The results of MTT test showed that Rh2 could significantly inhibit the growth of osteosarcoma cells in a certain concentration range. Matrigel invasion and Transwell migration experiments showed that Rh2 could effectively inhibit the invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells. In addition, annexinv FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit and flow cytometry showed that Rh2 could effectively improve the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. Western blot showed that Rh2 could up regulate the expression of Bax and E-cadherin, and inhibit the expression of Bcl-2, PARP, MMP-2 and MMP-9. Rh2 could also regulate the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells via activating GSK-3β protein and inhibiting β-Catenin, Cyclin D1 and C-myc related proteins.Conclusion: Ginsenoside Rh2 can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells, in which the activation of GSK-3β and the inhibition of Wnt/β-Catenin signal pathway may play a role. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 712-717 [Abstract] ( 444 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2001 KB)  ( 521 ) 718 The value of automated cardiac motion quantification technique in evaluating subclinical anthracyclineinduced cardiotoxicity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia CHEN Kai, WU Daozhu, YE Wanding, WANG Liang, ZHOU Lin DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.005 Objective: To investigate the value of automated cardiac motion quantification (aCMQ) in evaluating subclinical anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods: Altogether 30 children with ALL who were treated with DVLD induced chemotherapy in the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from November 2021 to January 2022 were selected as leukemia group. Echocardiography was performed before chemotherapy and 3 months later.Twenty-six healthy subjects were selected as the control group. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to obtain left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular short axis shortening (LVFS), E/A, E/e’, and e’/a’. The longitudinal strains of 2 chamber (AP2LS), 3 chamber (AP3LS), 4 chamber (AP4LS) and global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) were obtained by aCMQ technique. The annular strains of left ventricular short-axis basal segment (SAXBCS), left ventricular short-axis intermediate segment (SAXMCS), left ventricular short-axis apical segment (SAXACS) and global circular strain (LVGCS) were compared and analyzed. Results: There were no significant differences in age between the leukemia group and the control group (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in LVEF, LVFS, E/A, E/e’ and e’/a’ between the control group, the pre-chemotherapy group and the post-chemotherapy group (P>0.05). The values of AP4LS, AP3LS, AP2LS, GLS, SAXBCS, SAXMCS, SAXACS and GCS in the pre-chemotherapy group were compared with those in the control group, with no significant difference (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in SAXBCS and SAXMCS between the group after chemotherapy and the control group before and after chemotherapy (P>0.05). The absolute values of AP4LS,AP3LS, AP2LS, GLS, SAXACS and GCS in the post-chemotherapy group were lower than those in the control group and the pre-chemotherapy group, with statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: aCMQ can be used as a relatively accurate method for evaluating subclinical anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in children with ALL. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 718-723 [Abstract] ( 339 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1624 KB)  ( 465 ) 724 Liver abscess in the elderly: clinical features and outcomes WU Zhenzhu, CHEN Yi, SUN Haoyue,PAN Juyi, YE Yi DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.006 Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics in the elderly with liver abscess (LA) so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Clinical data of patients with liver abscess from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and the Wenzhou People’s Hospital from 2017 to 2020 were collected. They were divided into two groups according to their age: the old group (≥65 years old) and the young group (<65 years old). Then clinical data such as the demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging results, etiological characteristics, complications, treatment and prognosis were compared. Results: Of totally 408 patients in the study, 200 patients (49.0%) were in the old group and 208 (51.0%) in the young group. There were more females in the old group than in the young group (46.0% vs. 29.8%,P=0.001). Old patients were more likely to have biliary diseases (45.0% vs. 28.8%, P=0.001), hypertension (61.0% vs. 29.3%, P<0.001) and hyperuricemia (6.5% vs. 1.9%, P=0.025). In terms of imaging features, 5-10 cm and single liver abscess was most common in both groups. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common pathogen, and there was no difference in pathogens distribution between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no difference in the treatment options for the old group, and antibiotics combined with aspiration or drainage were most common in both groups. In terms of complications, the hospital mortality between the two groups was similar,but the old group were more likely to be complicated with pleural effusion and acute renal insufficiency, often requiring longer hospitalization (P<0.05). Conclusion: The clinical characteristics of the elderly with LA are lack of specificity but the incidence of female patients is higher, with more complications. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequent bacterium. Properly treated, old patients with LA can have comparable outcomes as the young,but require a longer hospital stay. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 724-728,735 [Abstract] ( 382 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1315 KB)  ( 489 ) 729 Influencing factors of liver regeneration after portal vein embolization in patients with type III and IV hilar cholangiocarcinoma LIU Yipiao, GUO Zhiying, LIU Jiaxing, FAN Haining, LU Qian DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.007 Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of liver regeneration after portal vein embolization for Bismuth-Corlett type III and type IV hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: Clinical data of 72 patients with Bismuth-Corlett type III and Type IV hilar cholangiocarcinoma treated by PVE were collected from June 2016 to December 2021 in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center of Affiliated Tsinghua Chang-geng Hospital of Tsinghua University. The patients were divided into the high regeneration group (38 cases) and the low regeneration group (34 cases) according to the median future residual liver regeneration rate at the third week after PVE surgery. The liver regeneration, influencing factors and survival time of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The FLR before PVE was (447.97±99.93)mL, and the median FLRR was 33.83%, less than the critical value of 40%. Three weeks after PVE, FLR increased to (582.80±106.60)mL and the median FLRR was 44.32%. The FLR was (134.83±48.73)mL, with a median FLR regeneration rate of 27.6%. Bismuth-Corlett type before PVE (P=0.027), CA19-9 level (P=0.037), regional lymph node metastasis (P=0.019) and liver fibrosis (P=0.014) were significantly different between the high and low regeneration groups. There was no significant difference in other indicators between the two groups. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that liver fibrosis (P=0.034) was a major risk factor for liver regeneration after PVE. There were 72 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma, with an overall median survival time of 12.2 months, with 95%CI=7.934-16.406. The median survival time of the high regeneration group and the low regeneration group was 18.0 months and of 5.8 months respectively, showing statistical difference (P=0.041). Conclusion: PVE can promote liver regeneration in patients with Bismuth-Corlett type III and type IV hilar cholangiocarcinoma. The median survival time of high regeneration group was longer than that of low regeneration group. The influencing factors of liver regeneration include cholangiocarcinoma type, lymph node metastasis, CA19-9 and fibrosis. Liver fibrosis is a major risk factor affecting liver regeneration. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 729-735 [Abstract] ( 343 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1359 KB)  ( 521 ) 736 Diagnostic value of 1-3-β-D glucan, LDH, CD4+ T lymphocytes and CRP combined detection for AIDS complicated with pneumocystis pneumonia: a datum mining analysis WU Lianpeng, PAN Sihang, XU Ke DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.008 Objective: To explore the diagnostic value of combined detection of 1-3-β-Dglucan, lactate dehydrogenase, CD4+ T lymphocytes and C-reactive protein in AIDS complicated with pneumocystis pneumonia.Methods: A total of 315 AIDS patients treated in Wenzhou Sixth People’s Hospital from April 2016 to February 2022 were selected as subjects, of whom170 patients with pneumocystis pneumonia were assigned as the study group (AIDS/PCP group) and 145 patients without pulmonary infection as the control group (AIDS group). The levels of 1-3-β-D glucan, LDH, CD4+ T lymphocytes and CRP in the two groups were detected, and the multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network model, Chi-square automatic interactive detection (CHAID) decision tree model and Logistic regression model were constructed. The diagnostic efficacy of 1-3-β-D glucan, LDH, CD4+ T lymphocytes and CRP in the diagnosis of AIDS complicated with PCP was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The levels of 1-3-β-D glucan, LDH and CRP in AIDS/PCP group were significantly higher than those in AIDS group, while the count of CD4+ T lymphocytes was significantly lower than that of AIDS group (P<0.001). The specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of the constructed MLP neural network model of 1-3-β-D glucan, LDH, CD4+ T lymphocytes and CRP in the diagnosis of AIDS complicated with PCP were 88.97%, 86.47% and 87.62%, respectively, with the area under the curve (AUC) being 0.942. The specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of the decision tree model were 70.34%, 84.12%, 77.78%, respectively, with the area under the curve being 0.871. The specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of Logistic regression model were 89.66%,84.71%, 86.98%, respectively, with the area under the curve being 0.939. Conclusion: MLP neural network model combined with 1-3-β-D glucan, LDH, CD4+ T lymphocytes and CRP detection has good auxiliary value in the diagnostic of AIDS complicated with PCP. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 736-740,746 [Abstract] ( 338 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1507 KB)  ( 524 ) 741 Neural mechanism of early maternal deprivation leading to increased pain emotion in adult rats DONG Ya, CHEN Chun, LI Haijing, LIN Li, LIN Zhenlang DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.009 Objective: To explore the central nervous mechanism of early maternal deprivation on the aggravation of pain emotion in rats. Methods: The random number table method was used to divide the neonatal rats into the maternal deprivation group and the control group according to their litters. By restricting the nesting material, a rat maternal deprivation model was established. The control group was given a sufficient amount of nesting material, while the maternal deprivation group was given 1/3 of the nesting material of the control Group, with other conditions being the same. At the age of 2 months, the body weight of the rats was recorded, and the Formalin-induced conditioned place avoidance (F-CPA) model was performed. After the rats were anesthetized, their cerebrospinal fluid and blood as well as the brain were collected. The levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone in cerebrospinal fluid and blood cortisol were determined by ELISA. The number of c-Fos protein positive cells in rat brain tissue was observed by immunohistochemical staining. Results: At the age of 2 months, the body weight of the rats in the maternal deprivation group was [(300.1±67.2)g] and the control group was [(294.3±59.3)g].There was no significant difference in the body weight between the two groups (P>0.05). The ACTH concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid of the rats in the control group after the test on the 4th day was (173.6±21.7)ng/mL, while it was (186.2±16.0)ng/mL in the maternal deprivation group, with the maternal deprivation group significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The blood cortisol concentration of the rats in the control group after the test on the 4th day was (141.7±15.4)ng/mL, while it was (158.0±22.7)ng/mL in the maternal deprivation group,with the maternal deprivation group significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The formalin-induced conditioned place avoidance model (F-CPA) aroused the maternal deprivation group with the expression of c-Fos protein in MITN and IC of the medullary plate, while the F-CPA awakened the control group with no expression at this site. Conclusion: In the early stage, by restricting the nesting material of mother mice, the changes of blood cortisol and ACTH of cerebrospinal fluid in offspring mice can be induced, and a new model of maternal deprivation was established. The abnormal expression of c-Fos protein in MITN and IC of the medullary plate suggest that this part may be the neuroanatomical structure related to the emotion of maternal deprivation pain in the neonatal period. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 741-746 [Abstract] ( 297 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1612 KB)  ( 563 ) 747 Clinical value of cTEE, cTCD and TEE in the diagnosis of patent foramen ovale WANG Kaijing, CHEN Chen, NI Xianda DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.010 Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of transthoracic right phonography (cTTE),transcranial Doppler foaming test (cTCD) and esophageal echocardiography (TEE) in patent foramen ovale (PFO). Methods: Clinical data of 140 patients with PFO closure in our hospital (group A) and patients without PFO in right heart catheterization (group B) were retrospectively analyzed and compared, including clinical baseline data, cTTE, cTCD and TEE. The differences in cTTE, cTCD shunt volume, TEE foramen ovale size and cTTE bubble appearance time were compared between the two groups. The ROC curve of these indicators in the diagnosis of PFO was drawn. Results: The proportion of medium-large shunt in cTTE was higher in group A than group B. The proportion of medium-large shunt in group A was higher than group B in resting,post-Valsalva and total respectively (67.35% vs. 42.86%, P=0.04; 100.00% vs. 71.42%, P<0.001; 81.63% vs.51.43%, P=0.004). The proportion of medium-large shunt in cTCD was higher in group A than group B (75.90% vs. 19.35%, P<0.001). The PFO diameter of group A was larger than group B in TEE (2.18±0.78 vs. 1.19±0.78,P<0.001). The ROC curves of cTTE, cTCD and TEE showed that the AUC of cTCD and TEE had larger and better sensitivity and specificity. The proportion of bubble appearance within 5 cardiac cycles in cTTE in group A was significantly higher than B (73.47% vs. 42.86%, P=0.007). Conclusion: cTCD and TEE have good predictive value for PFO, with better comprehensive value than cTTE. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 747-751 [Abstract] ( 365 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1622 KB)  ( 563 ) 752 Retrospective analysis of clinical features in adults with anti-sulfatide positive Guillain-Barré syndrome MIN Jingjing, CHEN Qi,WANG Xiaotong DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.011 Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) in adults with anti-sulfatide antibody positive. Methods: Data of 3 patients with anti-sulfatide antibody positive in Huzhou First People’s Hospital from February 2020 to December 2021 were collected for clinical analysis and follow-up, and relevant literatures were reviewed. Results: Of the 3 patients, 2 males aged 84 and 66 respectively, and 1 female aged 26. One of them had a history of secondary severe infection after esophageal malignant tumor surgery more than 10 days before the onset of the disease, and another had a history of vaccination 1 week before the onset of the disease. In terms of clinical manifestations, 1 patient presented progressive numbness and weakness of lower limbs, 2 patients presented acute progressive numbness and weakness of limbs, and 1 patient complicated with dyspnea and was intubated.The electrophysiological results showed that the conduction velocity and amplitude of motor and sensory nerve decreased in all the three cases, obvious in the lower limbs, with axonal of sensory nerve mainly injured. In all 3 patients, lumbar puncture indicated protein cell separation, positive anti-sulfatide antibody in the cerebrospinal fluid and no obvious abnormality found on the head MRI. As to the treatment, 2 patients were significantly improved by IVIG therapy. As one patient’s family members refused immunotherapy, the patient successfully extubatedafter active anti-infection, but there was still obvious disorder in limb function. Conclusion: Adults with Guillain-Barré syndrome with positive anti-sulfatide antibody can be involved in sensorimotor of extremities, with more obvious sensory disorders. Electrophysiology shows that sensory axonal is mainly affected. Immunotherapy is effective, and the overall prognosis is good. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 752-756 [Abstract] ( 525 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1339 KB)  ( 774 ) 757 Learning curve of orthopedic robot assisted percutaneous fixation of the sacroiliac screw in 3D mode ZHANG Tian, JI Yinyao, HU Jialin, WENG Qihao, JIN Yapin, YANG Lei DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.012 Objective: To explore the learning curve of orthopedic robot assisted percutaneous fixation of the sacroiliac screw in 3D mode. Methods: Clinical data of 31 patients with orthopedic “TiRobot II” assisted percutaneous fixation of the sacroiliac screw in 3D mode in Yueqing People’s Hospital from March 2021 to March 2022 were retrospective analyzed. These patients, numbered in chronological order according to the operation date, were divided into three groups: patients from N0.1 to No.10 were the early group, patients from N0.11 to No.20 were the intermediate group, and patients from N0.21 to No.31 were the late group. The three groups were statistically analyzed according to the operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, complications and sacroiliac screw position of patients at different stages. Results: None of the patients had postoperative orthopedic surgical robot-related complications. The mean operative time for robot-assisted sacroiliac screw placement decreased significantly with the number of surgical cases. There was significant difference between the mean operation time between the early group and middle and late period (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the mean operative time between the middle and late groups (P=0.278). Conclusion: The learning curve of orthopedic “TiRobot II” assisted percutaneous fixation of the sacroiliac screw in 3D mode is relatively steep in the early stage, tends to be stabilized after 10 cases. The adjuvant treatment of posterior pelvic ring fracture in 3D mode orthopedic robot assisted surgery is a safe and accurate method, which that can improve surgical accuracy and shorten operation time. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 757-761 [Abstract] ( 342 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1776 KB)  ( 561 ) 771 Application of virtual simulation technology in orthodontic education in the context of internet plus WANG Haiyan, CAO Zhensheng, WANG Xiuying, QIN Huaxiang, HU Rongdang. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2022.09.016 Objective: To give full play to students’ initiative and deepen their understanding of orthodontic knowledge by breaking the time and space constraints of traditional orthodontic classroom teaching in combination of virtual simulation diagnosis and treatment experiment with orthodontic teaching, and to explore its teaching effect. Methods: The convex virtual simulation diagnosis and treatment experiment with real case was developed,and the virtual simulation experiment teaching platform of orthodontics was constructed. Students of Year 2017 majoring in stomatology of Wenzhou Medical University were selected as subjects, of whom the students of Class 1, the experimental group, were combined with the virtual simulation diagnosis and treatment experiment,while the students of Class 2, the control group, were not given the virtual simulation diagnosis and treatment experiment. Then the teaching effect was evaluated from the application feedback and students’ knowledge and ability. Results: After the application of virtual simulation diagnosis and treatment experiment in the teaching of Orthodontics, the average score of students’ final examination score (88.87±4.58) was higher than that of the control group (85.46±4.37), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.002). The teaching feedback showed that the experimental group felt they understood what they’ve learned more thoroughly, with higher recognition of virtual simulation diagnosis and treatment experiment, and thus started to establish a correctorthodontic conception. Conclusion: A combination of virtual simulation diagnosis and treatment experiment with the teaching of Orthodontics makes the teaching process more intuitive and visual, which can deepen students’ understanding of orthodontic theoretical knowledge and improve students’ clinical thinking and skills in diagnosis and treatment. Through the network feedback platform and network homework evaluation, teachers can keep informed of students’ progress and problems, which in turn help teachers to better solve their problems and improve the teaching level of orthodontics more effectively. 2022 Vol. 52 (9): 771-774,封三 [Abstract] ( 273 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1399 KB)  ( 688 )

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