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2021 Vol. 51, No. 3 Published: 2021-03-25   173 SGLT1 mediates high glucose-induced cardiac fibroblast activation WANG Ping, MENG Liping, LIU Longbin, GUO Hangyuan DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.001 Objective: To investigate whether high glucose can activate cardiac fibroblasts and the role of SGLT1 in the activation. Methods: The 4th-7th generations of cardiac fibroblasts were used in the experiment. Incubated with different concentration of glucose, the cell was morphologically observed under microscope; the cell proliferation capacity was measured by MTT and EdU assay, the cell migration ability was measured by wound healing test and Transwell test; the expression of SMα, Tcf21 and SGLT1 was tested by immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR and Western blot. Then si-SGLT1 was used to knock out SGLT1 in the cells, and the indicators were tested again by each method. Results: Compared with the control group, cells in the high glucose group were round in morphology, and increased in migration, proliferation ability and increased expression of SMα, Tcf21 and SGLT1 (P<0.05). After transfection with si-SGLT1, SGLT1 expression in the cells was decreased (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the migration, proliferation ability and the expression of SMα, Tcf21 were also decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: High glucose activated cardiac fibroblasts by upregulating SGLT1. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 173-180 [Abstract] ( 767 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1975 KB)  ( 671 ) 181 Functional genomics research of NPEPPS gene in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis TONG Xiaojun, LI Chenlu, WANG Guofen, ZHU Xiaochun, WANG Xiaobing DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.002 Objective: To investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NPEPPS gene can regulate the expression of NPEPPS gene and the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 54 patients with AS and 78 healthy control were collected from the Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. DNA and RNA were extracted, and Illumina platform was used for SNP microarray gene typing and RNA sequencing. The SNPs of our chromosome region containing NPEPPS were extracted by PLINK, the missing genotype was supplemented by IMPUTE2, and the genotype of the immune chip was calculated by PLINK. The reads obtained from RNA sequencing was compared to the human genome, and the read count of each gene was generated. The expression levels of different transcripts were calculated according to the reference transcriptome. Intergroup comparisons were made with DESeq2, and regression analysis was conducted with genotypes. Results: The expression of NPEPPS in both homozygous and heterozygous alleles of SNP rs9901869 was higher in AS patients than in the healthy control but the two groups showed no statistical difference (P>0.05); The expression levels of different transcripts were different in AS and healthy controls, among which the expression levels of TCONS_00206150, TCONS_00206153 and TCONS_00206137 were significantly different (P<0.05); the expression levels of NPEPSS genes and their transcripts corresponding to different SNP rs9901869 genotypes were different, with the expression levels of some transcripts showing statistical significance (P<0.05); the expression of NPEPPS gene and its transcript was significantly different due to different genotype of SNP rs180677251 near SNP rs9901869 (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study has revealed that the polymorphism of NPEPPS gene locus affects the expression level of NPEPPS, which may be correlated with the development of AS. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 181-186,191 [Abstract] ( 658 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1630 KB)  ( 659 ) 187 Anti-gastric cancer activity of schisandrin C in AGS YAO Jiali, XU Haineng, FAN Qiyun, DONG Zhaojun, WU Jianzhang DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.003 Objective: To investigate in vitro anti-gastric cancer activity of schisandrin C. Methods: MTT assay and colony formation assay were used to examine the growth inhibitory activity of schisandrin C in AGS cells. After treatment with different concentrations of schisandrin C, the apoptosis of AGS cells was detected by flow cytometer. Meanwhile, Western blot was performed to detect the expression of apoptotic proteins. 5-FU, a traditional first-line chemotherapy drug for gastric cancer, MTT assay was used to detect the synergism with 5-FU. Results: The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of schisandrin C against AGS cells was (35.73± 0.28) μmol/L, which could inhibit cell colony formation, induce cell apoptosis, up-regulate the apoptotic protein Cleaved-PARP, and down-regulate the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Schisandrin C has stronginhibitory activity and induces apoptosis on gastric cancer cells. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 187-191 [Abstract] ( 707 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1544 KB)  ( 710 ) 192 The effect of balloon blowing on postoperative pulmonary complications in gastric cancer patients WANG Sujun, LI Jiang, CHEN Xiaolei. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.004 Objective: To study the correlation between preoperative cardiopulmonary exercise and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with gastric cancer, so as to explore effective and feasible preoperative intervention measures for patients with gastric cancer. Methods: A total of 928 gastric cancer patients who underwent an operation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from July 2014 to February 2019 were selected. They were divided as intervention group (386 cases) and control group (542 cases) depending whether preoperative cardiopulmonary function exercise was performed. The clinicopathological characteristics of the patients and the occurrence of short-term postoperative complications were retrospective collected. Chi square test and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze and identify independent risk factors for pulmonary complications. Results: There were significant differences in gender, TNM staging composition and postoperative complications (grade II above) between the intervention group and the control group (P<0.05), while no statistical differences were shown in other general information such as age, BMI, complications, NRS-2002 score, tumor location, and preoperative anemia (P>0.05), indicating that the data between the two groups were comparable. The incidence of respiratory complications in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (7.77% vs. 14.39%, P=0.001), and the incidence of pleural effusion (4.40% vs. 8.67%, P=0.004) and pulmonary infection (3.89% vs. 7.56%, P=0.032) showed the similar result. Multivariate logistic analysis suggested that the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients who did not perform preoperative pulmonary function exercise was twice as high as that in the exercise group (OR=2.161, 95%CI=1.371-3.407, P=0.001). Conclusion: Preoperative cardiopulmonary function exercises such as balloon blowing can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications and improve the short-term prognosis of the patients. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 192-196 [Abstract] ( 714 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1331 KB)  ( 599 ) 197 Prognostic factors of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with WFNS grade I ZHOU Jiafeng, CHEN Yongchun, WANG Hao, CHEN Lifang, LIN Boli, XIONG Ye, GUO Xianzhong, YANG Yunjun DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.005 Objective: To investigate the risk factors of unfavourable outcome of World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade I aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) patients. Methods: Totally 407 patients with WFNS grade I aSAH caused by rupture of anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms, who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between December 2007 and January 2016, were retrospectively analyzed. Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) was used to measure clinical outcome at discharge. Unfavourable outcome was defined as a GOS score of 1~3. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were adopted to compare the patients in age, sex, treatment, medical history (hypertension, smoke), angiographic vasospasm, Fisher grade, Cerebral infarction, aneurysm morphology (aneurysm size, neck size, aspect ratio, size ratio, aneurysm angle, vessel angle, flow angle, aneurysm orientation, A1 segment types, and daughter sac). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to evaluate the predictive performance of factors related to poor prognosis. Results: Of the 407 WFNS I patients, only 30 (7.4%) had a poor prognosis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age (OR=1.038, 95%CI=1.003-1.075, P=0.033), Fisher grade>3(OR=5.109, 95%CI=1.806-14.457, P=0.002), treatment (Coil vs. Conservative, OR=0.200, 95%CI=0.068-0.588, P=0.003) and daughter sac (OR=4.957, 95%CI=1.730-14.207, P=0.003) were independently associated with poor prognosis. In the ROC curve, the AUC in age, Fisher grade>3, treatment, daughter sac and combined diagnosis were respectively 0.691 (95%CI=0.586-0.796), 0.687 (95%CI=0.597-0.778), 0.658 (95%CI=0.543-0.773), 0.574 (95%CI=0.457-0.691) and 0.817 (95%CI=0.739-0.896). Conclusion: Older age, daughter sac, and Fisher grade >3 are the risk factors for poor prognosis of WFNS grade I aSAH patients. In addition, patients who choose embolization have better prognosis. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 197-202 [Abstract] ( 704 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1359 KB)  ( 729 ) 203 Differential expression profiles and functional prediction of circRNAs in ox-LDL stimulated macrophages YE Bozhi, LIANG Xiaohe, ZHAO Yihan, XUE Qize, HUANG Zhouqing, CAI Xueli DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.006 Objective: To investigate the differential expression profiles of circRNAs in ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages and predict its functions. Methods: Human monocyte cell line THP-1 cells were pretreated with PMA for 48 h and followed by ox-LDL (50 µg/mL) for 24 h to establish cell model. Microarray analysis was performed to investigate the differential expression profiles of circRNAs in macrophages with or without ox-LDL stimulation (as a control). qRT-PCR was utilized to verify the content variation of circRNAs in macrophages with ox-LDL stimulation. CircInteractome, TargetScan and miRecords websites were used to predict potential target genes. Results: There were 5 upregulated circRNAs and 2 downregulated circRNAs in ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages group, compared with the control group in the present study. We also verified that there were 4 circRNAs upregulated and 2 circRNAs downregulated in macrophages with ox-LDL stimulation by qRT-PCR. Bioinformatics analysis speculated that circRNA_0007478 could affect the expression of downstream proteins by binding to miR-765. Conclusion: There exist differential expressions of circRNAs in ox-LDL-stimulated macrophages. CircRNA_0007478 is predicted to be involved in the atherosclerosis process by binding to miRNA-765 to regulate downstream genes. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 203-208 [Abstract] ( 723 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1795 KB)  ( 786 ) 209 The structure and immunodominant epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 E protein: an informatics prediction LI Mingyang, SAIDU Kamara, WANG Qi, GUO Yanru, LI Qingfeng, ZHU Shanli, CHEN Jun, JIANG Pengfei, ZHANG Lifang. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.007 Objective: To predict and analyze the structure and immunodominant epitope of envelope (E) protein of SARS-CoV-2 by bioinformatics. Methods: The amino acid sequence of SARS-CoV-2 E protein was retrieved from NCBI GenBank database, and its physicochemical properties, secondary structure and transmembrane region were predicted by software on EXPASY server. A comprehensive analysis of transmembrane domain, hydrophilicity profile, surface probability, polarity, antigenicity index and flexibility was further made to predictB-cell epitopes of E protein; NetCTL 1.2 server was used to predict the T-cell antigen epitopes; the homology of E protein of coronavirus was analyzed by Vector NTI; the 3-dimension structural homology and functional domain of the E protein was modeled by Swiss Model. Results: SARS-CoV-2 E protein was a transmembrane protein composed of 75 amino acid residues, and the transmembrane region was mainlyαhelix. The protein may contain two B-cell epitopes and six CTL epitopes and its immunodominant epitope were probably in the regions of 16-34, 50-70 amino acids. SARS-CoV-2 E protein had high homology with SARS-CoV and Bat-SARS-like-CoV.The hydrophobic transmembrane domain and PDZ-binding motif were located in the N-terminal 12-34aa and Cterminal 72-75aa, respectively. Conclusion: E protein is a transmembrane domain protein, and the 16-34 and 50-70 amino acid regions of E protein are immunodominant epitopes, which provides a theoretical basis for the research on biological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 E protein and vaccine. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 209-214,219 [Abstract] ( 1252 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1768 KB)  ( 849 ) 215 The value of neck enhanced CT in preoperative evaluation of patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism MENG Jiao, LI Xinhai, CHEN Haolu, SONG Chunyi, LI Hua. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.008 Objective: To evaluate the value of neck enhanced CT in the diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Methods: The clinical data of 47 patients with SHPT who underwent the first parathyroidectomy (PTX) in Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital from January 2018 to October 2019 were reviewed. The differences in specificity and sensitivity of neck enhanced CT, color Doppler ultrasound and 99mTc-MIBI radionuclide imaging were tested using the pathological results as the gold standard. The correlation and consistency between the parathyroid size measured by neck enhanced CT and measurement of gross pathological specimens were also analyzed. Results: The sensitivity of neck enhanced CT, color Doppler ultrasound and 99mTc-MIBI radionuclide imaging was 99.40%, 63.10% and 54.70% respectively, and the specificity was 66.60%, 88.80% and 77.70%. The sensitivity of neck enhanced CT was better than either color Doppler ultrasound (P=0.001) or 99mTc-MIBI radionuclide imaging (P=0.006), while there was no significant difference in specificity (P>0.05). The parathyroid maximum diameter measured by the neck enhanced CT had high correlation (r=0.777, P<0.001) and consistency with the gross pathological specimens. Conclusion: Neck enhanced CT has high diagnastic value in the accurate location diagnosis and size of SHPT, thus it can improve the surgery accuracy of SHPT. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 215-219 [Abstract] ( 735 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1579 KB)  ( 742 ) 220 Elevated progesterone on HCG day and its effect on the endometrium evaluated by three-dimensional power Doppler flow imaging ZHANG Yinhong, ZHAO Yaping, ZHOU Xiuping. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.009 Objective: To study the elevated progesterone on the day of HCG injection in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) treatment and its effect on the endometrium and its correlation with pregnancy outcome. Methods: Transvaginal three-dimensional power Doppler flow imaging ultrasound (3D-PDI) was used to examine 180 patients who were treated with IVE-ET at the Reproductive Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from February to September 2018. Data of their endometrial thickness, echo, endometrial blood flow classification and endometrial volume, endometrial vascularization index (VI), blood flow index (FI) and vascularized blood flow index (VFI) were obtained, and the serum progesterone value on HCG day elevation. According to ROC curve analysis, the cut-off value of HCG day progesterone measured was divided as the elevated progesterone group followed by an analysis of parameters and its correlation with pregnancy outcomes. Results: Of 180 cases, 84 were successful and became pregnant group, 5 biochemical pregnancy, 2 ectopic pregnancy, 89 cases were not pregnant and became non-pregnant group. The clinical pregnancy rate was about 46.6%. ROC curve analysis showed the cut-off value of elevated progesterone was 1.29 ng/mL. There were 59 cases in the elevated progesterone group and 121 cases in the normal progesterone group, showing no significant difference in age and endometrial FI between the two groups (P>0.05). In the elevated progesterone group, the proportion of type C endometrium and the type I blood flow were higher than the normal progesterone group, while the proportion of type III blood flow was lower than the normal progesterone group, with statistical difference (P<0.05). The endometrial thickness, endometrial volume, endometrial VI and VFI in the elevated progesterone group were lower than those in the normal progesterone group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in age, endometrial thickness, endometrial volume and endometrial FI between the pregnant group and the non-pregnant group (P>0.05). The endometrial VI and VFI of the pregnant group were higher than those of the non-pregnant group (P<0.05). The pregnancy rate of type A, type B and type C endometrial echo decreased sequentially, while the pregnancy rate of type I, type II and type III endometrial blood flow increased sequentially, with significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: Elevated progesterone on HCG day in IVF-ET will lead to an increased proportion of type C endometrium, decreased endometrial blood perfusion and endometrial vascularization, which is not conducive to successful pregnancy. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 220-224,229 [Abstract] ( 686 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1526 KB)  ( 717 ) 225 Effect of curcumin on lung cancer-related LncRNA expression and erlotinib sensitivity XU Yali, CAO Xiaojing, ZHU Xiaozhen, ZHU Guanghui. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.010 Objective: To investigate the effect of curcumin on the expression of lung cancer-related long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) and its sensitivity to erlotinib. Methods: PC9 parent cell lines that belonged to nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutation were treated with 20 μmol·L-1 curcumin as the experimental group. Erlotinib-resistant PC9 cell lines treated with 0.9% sodium chloride, Erlotinib-resistant PC9 cell lines treated with 20 μmol·L-1 curcumin and PC9 parent cell lines treated with 0.9% sodium chloride were used respectively as the resistance group, treatment group and control group. The expression of LncRNA MALAT1, LSINCT5, UCA1, HOTAIR, GAS5 and H19 were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR), and the Erlotinib semi-inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of each group cells were detected by CCK-8 assay. Results: Compared with the control group, the expressions of MALAT1, HOTAIR, LSINCT5 and H19 in the experimental group decreased significantly (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the expressions of UCA1 and GAS5 and IC50 to Erlotinib (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of each LncRNA and IC50 to Erlotinib in the resistance group and the treatment group increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with the resistance group, the expression of LncRNA MALAT1, LSINCT5, HOTAIR, GAS5 and H19 and IC50 to Erlotinib decreased significantly in the treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Curcumin can regulate the expression of various LncRNA related to EGFR-TKI resistance in lung cancer cells and promote the sensitivity of resistance cells to erlotinib. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 225-229 [Abstract] ( 591 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1329 KB)  ( 633 ) 230 A comparison between anterior ethmoidal nerve block and selective pterygoid canal neurotomy in the treatment of moderate-to-severe allergic rhinitis ZHANG Yu, DAI Xianning, ZHENG Huizhen, FENG Yu DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.011 Objective: To explore the efficacy of anterior ethmoidal nerve blockade and selective vidian nerve transection under nasal endoscopy in treating moderate to severe allergic rhinitis. Methods: A total of 125 patients with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis admitted to Wenzhou People’s Hospital from March 2017 to September 2019 were selected and divided into 2 groups according to different surgical procedures. Among them, there were 89 cases in the anterior ethmoidal nerve blockade group and 36 cases in the selective vidian nerve block group. The rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life scale (RQLQ) and clinical symptom grading were used to statistically analyze the improvement of life quality, sneezing, nasal itching, runny nose and nasal obstruction before surgery 6 and 9 months after surgery in 2 groups respectively. Results: Compared with preoperative data, RQLQ scores, nasal itching, sneezing, runny nose, and nasal congestion clinical symptoms scores were significantly decreased in the two groups at 6 months and 9 months after surgery (P<0.01). The clinical symptom scores of nasal itching in the anterior ethmoidal nerve block group were significantly better than those in the vidian nerve cut group (P<0.01), and the clinical symptom scores of nasal itching and sneezing in the preethmoidal nerve block group were better than those in the vidian nerve cut group (P<0.05). The clinical symptom scores of runny nose and nasal congestion in the vidian nerve transection group were significantly better than those in the preethmoidal nerve group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Both anterior ethmoidal nerve blockade and selective vidian nerve transection can effectively treat allergic rhinitis, varying in the improvement degree of symptoms. For patients with obvious sneezing but unobvious nasal congestion, anterior ethmoidal nerve blockade can be considered alone; for patients with runny nose and nasal congestion as the main symptoms, selective vidian nerve blockade is recommended. For severe allergic rhinitis patients, it is recommended to combine the two procedures. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 230-233 [Abstract] ( 730 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1299 KB)  ( 736 ) 234 Evaluation of left ventricular function in early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia by automatic functional imaging JU Xiaochen, XIANG Yanni, LIN Jie DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.012 Objective: To evaluate the left ventricular function in early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia (PE) by automatic functional imaging (AFI). Methods: Totally 72 patients with PE in Taizhou First People’s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019, including 35 cases of early onset, 37 cases of late onset, and 30 normal pregnant women matched with age were studied. Routine echocardiographic parameters and global longitudinal strain (GLS) of left ventricular myocardium were measured and analyzed. Results: Compared with the control group, the basal segment, middle segment, apical segment and left ventricular GLS of early-onset and late-onset PE were significantly reduced (P<0.05), while the basal, middle, apical and left ventricular GLS of early-onset PE were significantly lower than those of late-onset PE (P<0.05). Conclusion: GLS of left ventricle is decreased in patients with PE, especially in patients with early-onset PE. AFI can quantitatively evaluate the changes of left ventricular function in patients with PE. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 234-236 [Abstract] ( 514 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1321 KB)  ( 625 ) 237 The clinical effect of colorectal adenomatous polypectomy under endoscopy CAI Sheng, CHU Jianfeng, ZHOU Jianbo, SANG Jianzhong, YANG Qianqian, FANG Ying, QI Lidui, LU Shanshan. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2021.03.013 Objective: To explore the clinical effect and prognosis of endoscopic colorectal adenomatous polypectomy. Methods: From March 2017 to March 2019, 168 inpatients with colorectal adenomaunderwent endoscopic electrocoagulation resection in the Department of Gastroenterology of Yangming Hospital affiliated to the Medical School of Ningbo University. They were divided as young group (≤34 years old), middle-aged group (35-59 years old) and elderly group (≥60 years old). The site and pathological type of adenoma were analyzed and the postoperative complications recurrence observed. SF-36 scale was used to evaluate the quality of life of the patients. Results: Adenomatous polyps were more common in the left half of the colon than in the right one, with rectum being the most common (61 cases, accounting for 36.3%). Tubular adenoma was the only pathological type found in the young group, and it was the predominant type in the middle-aged group (84 cases, accounting for 83.2%). The proportion of villous adenoma increased significantly in the elderly group (11 cases, accounting for 26.8%). Some adenomas showed local cancerization (2 cases, accounting for 4.9%). With the increase of age, the percentage of mixed adenomas and villous adenomas gradually increased, and the difference between groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Postoperative complications were mainly hemorrhage (17 cases, accounting for 10.1%) and perforation (2 cases, accounting for 1.2%), all of which were found in the elderly group. None of the patients developed infection. There were 8 cases of recurrence (6 cases in the elderly and 2 in the middle-aged group), and the recurrence rate was 4.8%. The overall quality of life score after operation was higher than that before surgery, and scores of all dimensions (mental health, overall health and physical pain) were higher than those before surgery, with statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: Endoscopic resection of colorectal adenomatous polyps was effective in that the incidence of postoperative complications and recurrence rate were low but the patients’ overall quality of life was improved. 2021 Vol. 51 (3): 237-239,243 [Abstract] ( 723 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1324 KB)  ( 591 )

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