Home  |  About Journal  |  Editorial Board  |  Instruction  |  Subscribe  |  Messages Board  |  Contact Us  |  中文

Forthcoming Articles Current Issue Archive Advanced Search Read Articles Download Articles Email Alert

2020 Vol. 50, No. 12 Published: 2020-12-25   947 Effect of TRAIL-R deficiency on apoptosis of Th17 cells in experimental colitis mice induced by dextran sodium sulfate JIN Yingli, XIA Xuanping, CAO Shuguang, LIN Daopo, HU Dingyuan, XIA Shenglong, JIANG Yi. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.001 Objective: To investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor gene knockout (TRAIL-R-/-) on the severity of colitis and the apoptosis of Th17 cells in mice induced by 3.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Methods: C57BL/6 mice were assigned into 4 groups: TRAILR-/-colitis group, TRAIL-R-/- control group, wild type (WT) colitis group and WT control group, with 9 mice in each group. Colitis groups were orally administrated by 3.5% DSS. Control groups were fed with the same volume of water. After 7 days, the severity of colitis in mice was evaluated clinically and histopathologically.In peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and colonic lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs), the proportion of Th17 cells in CD4+ T cells was detected by means of flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expressions of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor-γt (ROR-γt) and IL-17A were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The apoptosis rate of Th17 cells in colonic tissue was examined by TUNEL fluorescence staining technique and observed by laser confocal microscope. The activity of Caspase 3, Caspase 8, Caspase 9 in colonic tissue was assayed by colorimetric method. Results: After administration of 3.5% DSS, TRAIL-R-/- colitis mice exhibited more severe colitis than WT colitis group did. The proportion of Th17 cells in PBMCs of TRAIL-R-/- colitis group was shown to be significantly higher in TRAIL-R-/- colitis group than in WT colitis group (P<0.01).The same conclusions were also drawn for the mRNA and protein levels of ROR-γt and IL-17A in PBMCs when compared WT colitis group with TRAIL-R-/- colitis group (both P<0.05). In comparison with WT colitis group, the proportion of Th17 cells in colonic LPMCs of TRAIL-R-/- colitis group was significantly enhanced in TRAILR-/-colitis group (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein levels of ROR-γt and IL-17A were also found to be higher in TRAIL-R-/- colitis group than in WT colitis group (both P<0.05). In contrast to WT colitis group, the apoptosis rate of Th17 cells in colonic tissue of TRAIL-R-/- colitis group was significantly reduced in TRAIL-R-/- colitis group (P<0.01). Meanwhile, the activities of Caspase 3 and Caspase 8 were shown to be significantly lower in TRAIL-R-/- colitis group than in WT colitis group (both P<0.01). Conclusion: After administration with DSS,TRAIL-R-/- colitis mice manifested more severe colitis than WT colitis group did, which may result from the decrease in apoptosis of Th17 cells and the increase in number and activity of Th17 cells. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 947-955 [Abstract] ( 710 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2614 KB)  ( 773 ) 955 Density functional theory analysis on the molecular structures and properties of drugs for Alzheimer's disease YAN Xixi, HUANG Luoyi, WANG Chaojie, XIANG Zheng DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.002 Objective: To compare the global and local properties of the five anti-Alzheimer’s drugs through computation and analysis in a simulated brain oil environment by cyclohexane. Methods: Based on the density function theory, the B3LYP methods with TZVP basis set was used to investigate the molecular structures, UV-Vis spectra, frontier molecular orbital, molecular surface electrostatic potential and conceptual density function of the five anti-Alzheimer disease drugs by simulating an oil brain environment by cyclohexane. Results: Conjugative effect shortened the polar bond length, andt he difference of electrostatic potential determined the difference of intermolecular action sites, which was closely related to the change of protein conformation in enzyme reaction.Solvent effect had an impact of UV-V is spectrum, in which the more the polarity of solvent, the more red-shift phenomenon of UV spectrum of compound was produced. The Fukui function in combination with the relativeelectrophilic index and the relative nucleophilic index showed thatdonepezil and rivastigmine were both highly electrophilic and nucleophilic, while galanthamine was highly nucleophilic only; in contrast, memantine and huperzine had weak electrophilic and nucleophilic ability. Conclusion: The molecular difference in geometric and electric structures of the five drugs affects the physicochemical properties of the drugs and determines the different mechanisms of action. The activities of four cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) were similar but significantly higher than those of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) antagonists, on which donepezil has the strongest pharmacological effect. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 955-960 [Abstract] ( 652 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2088 KB)  ( 760 ) 961 The application value and variation of fractionted exhaled nitric oxide in long-standing asthma, late onset asthma and COPD in the aged QUAN Duoduo, LIU Xiao, DAI Yuanrong DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.003 Objective: To explore the significance of fractionted exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement in long-standing asthma (LSA), late onset asthma (LOA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to compare their differences. Methods: Altogether 68 older adults with asthma, 53 with COPD, 34 healthy nonsmoking older adults were enrolled in the study from Jan 2016 to Jun 2018 who came to the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. In older adults with asthma, LSA or LOA was based on age of diagnosis (before or after age 60 year), 42 LSA and 26 LOA were recruited. The level of FeNO and pulmonary function (FEV1% pred, FEV1/FVC) was measured in older adults with asthma, older adults with COPD and healthy subjects. We analyzed the correlation between the level of FeNO and pulmonary function (FEV1/pred%, FEV1/FVC) in all groups. Results: FeNO of elderly asthmatic group [(29.3±18.7)ppb] was higher than elderly COPD group [(13.5±7.0)ppb] (P<0.05), also higher than healthy group [(13.1±8.6)ppb] (P<0.05). The difference in levels of FeNO between LSA [(33.7±20.4)ppb] and LOA [(22.3±12.9)ppb] was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no correlation between FeNO level and pulmonary function (FEV1/pred%, FEV1/FVC) in all groups (P>0.05), and there’s no correlation between FeNO level and pulmonary function in LSA and LOA (P>0.05). FeNO>35 ppb was the best cutoff point to distinguish LSA from LOA, as the sensitivity was 41% and specificity was 88%. Conclusion: The level of FeNO in LSA is higher than in LOA and that of COPD. FeNO level can help clinicians distinguish elderly asthma from elderly COPD, and LSA from LOA. The best cutoff point is FeNO>35 ppb to differentiate LSA from LOA. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 961-965 [Abstract] ( 635 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1546 KB)  ( 634 ) 966 The effect of glucocorticoid receptor on propofol self-administration of rats and its mechanisms DONG Zhanglei, LIANG Yuyuan, SU Ying, LIN Han, WANG Benfu. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.004 Objective: To determine whether glucocorticoid receptor involves in propofol self-administration of rats, so as to offer reference for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods: In one experimental group, twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to self-administer propofol under a fixed ration (FR1) schedule of reinforcement for 14 d. Then, the rats were treated with saline (control group) and RU486, a GR antagonist (10,20, 40 mg/kg) at 1 h prior to the last training to observe the change of animal behavior. Western blot was used to detect the dopamine DAT level in NAc of propofol dependent. In the other experimental group, twenty-four rats were trained to nose-poke for sucrose pellets under FR1 schedule of reinforcement of a daily 0.5-h session for successive 7 days. Thenthe trained rats received intraperitoneally either saline or a dose of RU486 (10, 20,40 mg/kg) at 1 h prior to the last training to observe the change of animal behavior. Results: RU486 significantly decreased the number of injections and active responses (P<0.01), which was associated with the large decrease in DAT of NAc (P<0.05). However, the food-maintaining sucrose responses under FR1 schedule was not affected by any doses of RU486 tested (P>0.05). Conclusion: The present results indicate that RU486 may counteract the reinforcing properties of propofol, playing an important role in the incubation of propofol dependent by influencing the dopamine DAT levels. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 966-969 [Abstract] ( 609 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 241 ) 970 Leukemia inhibitory factor regulating cell activity of non-small cell lung cancer through the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway HUANG Kefeng, JIANG Mingjun, WANG Huaying, QI Saichun. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.005 Objective: To investigate the effect of leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its possible mechanism. Methods: Immunohistochemical, fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of LIF in non-small cell lung cancer patients paracancer tissue and tumor tissue. The effect of LIF on the proliferation and invasion of tumor cell A549 cells was detected by CCK-8 and Transwell chamber. Western blot was used to detect the expression of JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway protein. Results: The expression of LIF in cancer tissues of NSCLC was significantly higher than that of paracancer tissues (P<0.01). After co-incubation with LIF, the proliferation and invasion ability of tumor cells were significantly enhanced (P<0.05). Western blot showed that tumor cells JAK1 and STAT3 phosphorylation levels were significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: LIF expression is increased in NSCLC. The increased LIF can enhance the proliferation and invasion ability of tumor cells, which may be mediated through the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 970-973 [Abstract] ( 771 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2115 KB)  ( 566 ) 974 A novel silk fibroin hydrogelcarry cimetidine in the prevention of ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice CHEN Pianpian, HUANG Weijie, SHEN Shurong. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.006 Objective: To explore the protective effect of novel silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel with cimetidine(CMD) against ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcer in a mice model. Methods: Silk fibroin protein was extracted from the silkworm and was used to prepare cimetidine-silk fibroin hydrogel system. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 were randomized into four groups of eight animals each:control group, CMD group, CMD-SF solution group and CMD-SF hydrogel group. The microstructure and gelling state of silk fibroin hydrogel were respecctively measured by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and fourier-transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) analysis. The CMD-SF hydrogel system with sustained cimetidine release in vitro was tested. Additionally, histological sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, and Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. The levels of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected in gastric tissue by SOD/MDA assay kit. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were carried out to assess the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins. Results: Silk fibroin hydrogel was successfully prepared based on the results of SEM and FT-IR. CMD showed a sustained release from CMD-SF hydrogel system over 72 h. From the results of HE staining, PAS staining, immunohistochemistry staining and immunoblotting, CMD-SF hydrogel group had more significant effect than the control group on preventing the occurrence of alcohol-induced acute gastric ulcer and reducing gastric mucosal damage. Meanwhile, compared with the control group, SOD level in CMD-SF hydrogel group increased to (0.61±0.11)U/g prot, and MDA level decreased to (2.42±0.38)nmol/mg prot, which effectively alleviated the oxidative stress response. Conclusion: Using CMD-SF hydrogel system effectively prevented alcohol-induced acute gastric ulcer in a mice model, which could sustain CMD release and prolong length of stay on the surface of gastric mucosa. Inhibition of oxidative stress response might be a potential mechanism for CMD-SF hydrogel system against tissue damage. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 974-979 [Abstract] ( 720 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2547 KB)  ( 731 ) 980 A comparative study of MR manifestations between delaminated and non-delaminated tear in fullthickness rotator cuff tears PAN Weixing, Zhu Ni’na, YANG Xing’an, MI Yucheng, JI Wenbin. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.007 Objective: To compare MR manifestations between delaminated rotator cuff tear and nondelaminated rotator cuff. Methods: Totally 243 cases with full-thickness rotator cuff tear were classified as group 1, group 2 and the control group based on the type of rotator cuff tear and the distance of retracted tendon.The tear length, the distance of retracted tendon, the degree of atrophy in musculus supraspinatus and musculus infraspinatus were recorded and compared by single factor ANOVA test or Kruscal-Wallis test according to the type of data distribution among three groups. Results: Delamination was present in 145 of 243 total tears (59.7%). There was statistical difference in the retraction distance of bursal layers between group 2 (22.2±9.8)mm and control group (29.7±12.0)mm, between group 2 (29.7±12.0)mm and group 1 (29.0±12.5)mm, respectively (P<0.01). There was statistical difference in the retraction distance of bursal layers between group 2 (35.1±11.7)mm and control group (29.7±12.0)mm, between group 2 (35.1±11.7)mm and group 1 (29.0±12.5)mm,respectively (P<0.01). There was no statistical difference in tear length and the degree of atrophy. Conclusion:The delaminated rotator cuff tear is more common than full-thickness rotator cuff tear. There is difference in the retraction distance between the articular side and the bursa side in different types. It is important to identify delaminated rotator cuff tear before operative repairs to make sure of the successful operation. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 980-983, 989 [Abstract] ( 622 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2219 KB)  ( 606 ) 984 A model combined with sarcopenia to predict the risk of intra-abdominal infection after colorectal cancer surgery YE Guoqing, XU Jingxuan, ZENG Yunpeng, ZHU Ce, WANG Xiang, SUN Jing, YANG Xinxin,SHEN Xian. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.008 Objective: To determine the relationship between postoperative intraperitoneal infection and sarcopenia in colorectal cancer and to establish a prediction model with high accuracy to discriminate patients with high risk of intraperitoneal infection. Methods: A prospective study was conducted of 383 colorectal cancer patients undergoing radical resection. The lumbar skeletal muscle index, preoperative grip strength and walking speed were preoperatively measured for sarcopenia diagnosis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the potential factors for intraperitoneal infection. A prediction model consisting of independent risk factors was constructed to quantify the individual risk of intraperitoneal infection after colorectal resection. Results: Out of 383 patients, 93 were diagnosed with sarcopenia in the present study, andintraperitoneal infectionoccurred in 44 patients. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that sarcopenia, tumor size and patient’s age were independent factors for intraperitoneal infection predication. The combined prediction model can accurately quantify the individual risk of intraperitoneal infection after colorectal cancer surgery (C-index 0.710). Conclusion: Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for intraperitoneal infection after colorectal cancer surgery. Our prediction model is a simple and practical tool which can accurately quantify the individual risk of intraperitoneal infection and identify patients with high risk. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 984-989 [Abstract] ( 688 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1505 KB)  ( 781 ) 990 The diagnostic value of the coronary artery stent restenosis by the filter function 56 algorithm and half cycle reconstruction in coronary artery CT angiography ZHENG Kuikui, MAN Yi, WANG Zhenzhang, CAO Guoquan DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.009 Objective: To compare the diagnostic efficacy between the filter function 56 algorithm and half cycle reconstruction (FHR) and routine reconstruction (RR) in the diagnosis of coronary stent restenosis by 320-slice CT coronary angiography (CCTA). Methods: The CCTA data of the patients with history of coronary stent implantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University was analyzed retrospectively.Conventional coronary angiography (ICA) was used as the gold standard in comparison of the differences between FHR and RR imaging in the diagnosis of coronary stent stenosis. Results: A total of 99 patients or 190 implanted stents were included in this experiment. With ICA as the gold standard, 63 stents were restenosis or occlusion.There was statistical difference between FHR and RR images (P<0.05). Compared with ICA, the sensitivity,specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of RR images were 76.1%, 78.7%, 64.0% and 86.9%; FHR imaging showed sensitivity of 98.4%, specificity of 96.8%, positive predictive value of 93.9%, and negative predictive value of 99.1%, respectively. Furthermore, FHR had a high consistency with ICA (Kappa>0.8), while RR had a poor consistency with ICA (Kappa<0.4). Conclusion: FHR reconstruction under 320-slice CT can effectively improve the diagnostic performance of the coronary stent restenosis. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 990-993 [Abstract] ( 619 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2341 KB)  ( 610 ) 994 Experimental study on the effect of Xuefu Zhuyu Tang on the survival of random skin flaps LIU Huanxing,CAI Zhongqing, SHEN Xinsheng, CHEN Zuoxi DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.010 Objective: To invetigate the effect of Xuefu Zhuyu Tang (XZT) on the survival of random skin flaps and to make clear of its appropriate dose. Methods: Totally 72 male SD rats were used to establish a modified McFarlane flap model. Then the animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=18): control group with 10 mL·kg-1·d-1 saline by gavage; high-dose XZT group (high-dose group) with 13 g·kg-1·d-1 crude drug by gavage;medium-dose XZT group (medium-dose group) with 6.5 g·kg-1·d-1 crude drug by gavage andlow-dose XZT group (low-dose group) with 3.25 g·kg-1·d-1 crude drug by gavage. Seven days after continuous administration,the survival area of random skin flaps in each group was measured, and the tissue samples were harvested for histological (HE) staining, by which the micro-vessel density (MVD) was evaluated. Western blotting (WB) was used to detect the expression of (vascular endothelial growth factor) VEGF. And the (superoxide dismutase) SOD and (malondialdehyde) MDA content in tissues were evaluated. Results: At 7 days after operation, the survival areas of flaps in the different doses XZT groups were significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.01).HE staining showed an obvious increase in micro-vessel density (P<0.01), and VEGF expression was improved (P<0.05). Among them, the middle-dose group has the most obvious therapeutic effect. In addition, the content of SOD in the flaps of different dose XZT groups was significantly higher than that in the control group, and MDA was reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion: XZT can promote the survival of rat random flaps, with the most obvious therapeutic effect shown by the middle-dose group. The underlying mechanism of XZT for the survival of random skin flaps probably lies in that the drug promotes VEGF expression in ischemic tissue, thereby increasing neovascularization in the tissue and promoting microcirculation reconstruction while inhibiting ischemiareperfusion injury. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 994-997, 1002 [Abstract] ( 595 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1772 KB)  ( 599 ) 998 Correlation between osteocalcin and coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study MA Jun, GUAN Xueqiang DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.011 Objective: To investigate the relationship between osteocalcin (OC) and the angiographically demonstrated coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A total of 317 consecutive patients with stable chest pain suspected of CAD underwent elective coronary angiography (CAG). The association between OC and CAD was analyzed. Results: An inverse association was displayed between OC and CAD. Compared with lowest OC level,the highest OC level was related with lower CAD risk (P<0.01). After adjustment of traditional coronary risk factors, OC was an independent predictor of CAD (OR=0.93, 95%CI=0.90-0.96, P<0.01). Conclusion: Among older patients suspected of CAD, higher OC indicated an decreased CAD risk. OC was an independent predictor of CAD. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 998-1002 [Abstract] ( 574 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1467 KB)  ( 534 ) 1003 Arthroscopic treatment of Cam-type femoral acetabular impact JIANG Hongyi, JIANG Liting, ZHENG Yushuang, SHEN Weijie, LIN Jian, XUE Xinghe, PAN Xiaoyun DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.012 Objective: To explore the clinical effect of arthroscopic treatment of Cam-typefemoral acetabular impact. Methods: The clinical data of 13 patients with femoral acetabular impact (mainly Cam type) from Sep.2014 to Sep. 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The changes of Harris score and VAS score before surgery and last follow-up after surgery were compared. Results: Harris score was 67.69±5.15 before operation, and 82.23±4.25 the last follow-up after surgery, with statistical difference (P<0.05). The VAS score was 4.85±0.80 before operation, and 1.23±0.93 the last follow-up after surgery, also with significant difference (P<0.05). None of the patients had serious adverse reaction. Conclusion: Hip arthroscopy in the treatment offemoral acetabular impact can effectively relieve hip pain and improve hip function. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 1003-1005 [Abstract] ( 647 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1513 KB)  ( 1005 ) 1006 The impact of FMEA on the nurses’ standard precaution compliance belief in non-isolated wards during the COVID-19 epidemic FENG Xiaofang, HUANG Xiaoxia, QIAN Xiaorong, CHEN Yan, SUN Caixia. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.013 Objective: To explore the impact of failure mode and effect analysis theory (FMEA) on the standard precaution compliance belief of nurses in the non-isolated wards during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods:In the early stage of the COVID-19 epidemic, FMEA research steps were taken to intervene in the implementation of standard precaution for nurses in non-isolated wards. The effect was evaluated by the risk priority number (RPN) of standard precaution before and after the intervention and by the score of standard precaution compliance belief scale of nurses as well as implementation rate of standard precaution. Results: After the implementation of FMEA intervention, the standard priority risk index value of nurses in the non-isolated wards during the COVID-19 epidemic was significantly reduced, and the score of standard precaution compliance belief and implementation rate of standard precaution was significantly increased (P<0.01). Conclusion: The application of FMEA can effectively improve the standard of precaution and compliance of nurses in the non-isolated wards during the COVID-19 epidemic and can reduce the risk of infection and spread of the COVID-19 virus and other epidemics. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 1006-1010 [Abstract] ( 655 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1468 KB)  ( 760 ) 1011 Application of CICARE and HEART communication mode in patients undergoing ordinary gastroscopy ZHOU Chunchun, YU Shaomin, MIAO Guofeng, HUANG Haihua, YIN Zhiqin. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2020.12.014 Objective: To explore the application value of CICARE combined with HEART communication mode in patients undergoing general gastroscopy. Methods: A total of 229 patients who came to our hospital for general gastroscopy from September 2019 to December 2019 were assigned as control group and observation group. CICARE combined with the HEART communication mode in the observation group, in contrast to the conventional communication mode in the control group, was applied to compare the tension and anxiety of the two groups of patients as well as the communication time before the examination, the time to enter the room for examination, the satisfaction of patients, and the communication ability of nurses before and after training. Results: In the observation group, patient’s tension and anxiety relieved while the examination time shortened and the nurses’ communication ability after training was higher than before training (P<0.05). Conclusion:CICARE combined with HEART communication mode can effectively relieve the patient’s tension, anxiety and fear, reduce the patient's physical discomfort during the examination and improve the patient’s compliance and cooperation, which is conducive to the smooth progress of the examination. The proficiency of nurses’ communication skills effectively improves the nurse-patient relationship. 2020 Vol. 50 (12): 1011-1014 [Abstract] ( 663 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1463 KB)  ( 697 )

Copyright © Editorial Board of JOURNAL OF WEZHOU MEDICAL UNIVERSITY Supported by:Beijing Magtech