温州医科大学学报
 
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2019 Vol. 49, No. 3
Published: 2019-03-25
 
 
157 Behavioral and pathologic analysis of Parkinson’s disease in α-synuclein fibril mice model
TIAN Jing, HOU Zhidong, REN Xiangpeng.
Objective: To study the behavioral phenotype and pathological features of A53T mutant α-synuclein (A53T αS) fibril mice  model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: A53T αS fibril PD model was established by injecting 5 μg of A53T αS into the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of mice brain for 3 months. The motor and cognitive behavioral phenotypes of the model mice were studied by open field test, hanging test and Y maze. Anti-phosphorylation of α-synuclein (pSyn), anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and microglia-specific protein antibody IBA-1 were used as molecular markers of Lewy bodies (LBs), dopamine (DA) neurons and neuroinflammation, respectively. These markers were used for immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the typical pathological characteristics in the brain of PD model mice. Results: In the open field test, total locomotive distance was almost equal in both groups of mice (P>0.05); however, duration of the four-jaw grip of the model mice in the hanging test was much shorter than that of the control mice (P<0.05). In the Y maze test, the correct rate of spontaneous alterations of the model mice was a bit lower than that of the control mice, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05). Compared with the control mice, the number of pSyn-positive inclusions and IBA-1 positive cells in the SNpc region of the model mice were markedly increased (P<0.01), whereas the number of TH-positive neurons was notably decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Intra-nigral injection of A53T αS fibrils can stably induce a mouse model of PD, which exhibits a certain decline in motor function and can simultaneously recapitulates the typical pathological features of PD, such as LBs, the degeneration of DA neurons, and over-activated neuroinflammation as well.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 157-161 [Abstract] ( 812 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1315 KB)  ( 1031 )
162 Correlation of serum uric acid and islet β-cell function in male type 2 diabetes
HE Yinhui, FU Qi, YANG Tao
Objective: To investigate the correlation of serum uric acid and β-cell function in male type 2 diabetes. Methods: A total of 510 male patients who were clinically diagnosed as type 2 diabetes and received treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between December 2014 and April 2016 were enrolled in this study. They were divided into hyperuricemia group (n=50) and normal uric acid group (n=460) based on the levels of serum uric acid. The body parameters, blood uric acid, biochemical indexes and islet autoantibodies were measured. The function of islet β-cell and insulin resistance was evaluated in parallel with mixed-meal tolerance test. Results: The linear correlation analysis between the two groups showed that the serum uric acid was positively correlated with ΔC30/ΔG30(r=0.122, P=0.006), iCpAUC180/iGAUC180 (r=0.304, P<0.001), HOMA2-% β(r=0.267, P<0.001), CpAUC180(r=0.328, P<0.001) and HOMA2-IR(r=0.248, P<0.001). The serum uric acid levels of the hyperuricemia and the normal uric acid groups were (480.63±57.39) and (304.22± 59.38) µmol/L respectively. Compared with the normal uric acid group, the hyperuricemia group showed significant higher HOMA2-IR (1.76±0.80 vs. 1.34±0.71, P<0.001), HOMA2-%β (89.15±47.64 vs. 67.18±30.88, P<0.001), ΔC30/ΔG30 (146.43±166.05 vs. 75.00±184.45, P=0.009), CpAUC180 (5 991.02±2 549.86 vs. 4 577.51±1 970.00,
P<0.001) and iCpAUC180/iGAUC180 (222.29±175.86 vs. 140.79±104.81, P<0.001). After adjusting the unbalanced factors between two groups, all calculated parameters of β-cell function and insulin resistance were also different between two groups. In the islet autoantibody negative patients, the hyperuricemia group had higher HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-%β, ΔC30/ΔG30, CpAUC180 and iCpAUC180/iGAUC180 (all P<0.05) compared to the normal uric acid group. After adjusting the unbalanced factors between two groups, HOMA2-%β, CpAUC180 and iCpAUC180/iGAUC180 were also significantly higher in the hyperuricemia group than those in the control group. But there were no statistical differences in HOMA2-IR (F=2.141, P=0.144) and ΔC30/ΔG30 (F=3.655, P=0.057) between two groups. Conclusion: The serum level of uric acid was positively correlated to islet β-cell function and insulin resistance evaluated in parallel with mixed-meal tolerance test. Metabolic syndrome and islet autoantibodies might affect the relationship between serum uric acid and islet β-cell function in male patients with type 2 diabetes.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 162-166 [Abstract] ( 787 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1282 KB)  ( 744 )
167 Inhibition of apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells by miR-181a targeting CARF gene
LI Junjian, CHEN Gang, ZHU Qiandong, YU Zhengping.
Objective: To explore the possible relationship between miR-181a and its predicted target gene-CARF, and to investigate their roles in regulating proliferation/apoptosis of pancreatic carcinoma cells. Methods: The miR-181a expression of pancreatic tissues/cells was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The miR-181a level was down-regulated by miR-181a inhibitors, and the proliferation activity of pancreatic cancer cells was examined by MTT. A PGL-3 vector containing the 3’-UTR sequence of the CARF gene was established to observe the relationship of miR-181a and CARF revealed by Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay System. The miR-181a level was regulated by agonists and inhibitors. Western blot was used to detect the expression of CARF protein. Results: Compared with normal pancreatic tissues and cells, miR-181a expression of pancreatic cancer tissues/cells was significantly increased (P<0.05). MiR-181a inhibitors significantly reduced the level of miR-181a and decreased its proliferative activity obviously (P<0.05). The Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay System indicated that miR-181a was co-transfected with a vector containing the 3’-UTR sequence of CARF, which significantly reduced luciferase activity (P<0.05). There was significant negative correlation between CARF protein expression and miR-181a concentration in pancreatic cancer cells (P<0.05). Conclusion: MiR-181a in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells was significantly increased, and promoted the development of pancreatic cancer  through down-regulating its target gene CARF to enhance cell proliferation.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 167-171 [Abstract] ( 799 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1346 KB)  ( 722 )
172 The effect of conflict processing on emotion at different start-up times: based on start-up conditions and target condition reflected in different time
YING Liang, ZHOU Qiang.
Objective: To explore how conflict processing affects emotion at different start-up times. Methods: Using the Stroop paradigm and the emotion initiation paradigm repeated measures design within the subject were experimented with 35 undergraduate students. Results: The results of the data show that the interaction between start-up conditions and potency was significant (P<0.01); the reaction time when SOA was 800 ms [(617.0±73.4) ms] that was significantly smaller than the response time when SOA was 400 ms [(708.4±105.8) ms]; when SOA was 400 ms, the difference between the three duration levels was significant (P<0.01). The response time increased with the increase of duration, and no significant difference between the three duration was found (P>0.05) when the SOA was 800 ms. Conclusion: Conflict processing has negative effect on follow-up emotions, and different SOA conditions have different effects on the response to target stimulus titers; when SOA is 400 ms and duration is 400 ms, the start-up effect of conflict is more obvious.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 172-178,183 [Abstract] ( 619 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1384 KB)  ( 912 )
179 Hypoxic protection of salidroside on induced differentiation of osteoblasts
SHEN Xinsheng, CHEN Ou, LAI Xianliang, SU Jia
Objective: To investigate the protective effect of salidroside on induced osteoblasts in hypoxia environment and its mechanism. Methods: the mouse fibroblasts were separated and cultured by tissue block method. The transfected induced pluripotent stem cells were reprogrammed and the QT-PCR of Nanog, Oct-4, Rexl and Sox-2 were detected to the induced osteoblasts differentiated from the induced pluripotent stem cells and identified by alizarin red staining. The induced osteoblasts were divided into three groups: salidroside preconditioning group, normal oxygen group and hypoxia group. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining was used to detect the apoptosis rate, and Western-blot was used to detect VEGF, HIF-1 alpha. Results: The expression of endogenous gene Nanog, Oct-4, Rexl and Sox-2 of induced pluripotent stem cells was higher than that of mouse fibroblasts cells. The result is Nanog (783±42 vs. 308±23), Oct-4 (774±37 vs. 319±31), Rexl (742±28 vs. 382±31), Sox-2 (831±31 vs. 394±12). Alizarin red staining showed that the induced osteoblasts cells had positive staining results. The apoptotic rate of salidroside group was significantly lower than that of hypoxia group [(35.65±3.92)% vs. (95.20±1.03)%]. There was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The expression of HIF-1a and VEGF in salidroside group was higher than that in hypoxic group (0.93±0.05 vs. 0.81±0.02, 0.95±0.03 vs. 0.79±0.04, P<0.05). Conclusion: Salidroside has protective effect on hypoxic environment of osteoblasts.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 179-183 [Abstract] ( 727 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1420 KB)  ( 846 )
184 Preparation and characterization of a novel curcumin-nanomicelles gel
ZHONG Songyang, ZHENG Hongliang, MAO Kaili, WANG Siwei.
Objective: To prepare the curcumin-loaded nanomicelles with a novel polymer, RRR-a-tocopheryl succinate-grafted-ε-polylysine conjugate (VES-g-ε-PLL), and to characterize it to use silk fibroin as a hydrogel-based matrix to further facilitate topical delivery of curcumin in exploration of a promising potential of this drug delivery system in the treatment of psoriasis. Methods: VES-g-PLL nanomicelles encapsulated with curcumin were prepared by injection method, and the micromorphology, particle size, Zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and release rate were evaluated. CUR-NMs-gel was then prepared by mixing the CUR-NMs with the SF solution followed by a sonication-induced gelation method. The microscopic morphology, in vitro drug release and skin permeability of CUR-NMs-gel were determined by scanning electron microscopy, HPLC and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results: The CUR-NMs was granulate-like particles with uniform dispersion. The nanomicelles exhibited an ultra-small hydrodynamic diameter (31.14±7.86) nm and a positive Zeta potential (16.70±1.45) mV. Moreover, curcumin could effectively be encapsulated in the polymeric nanoparticles with encapsulating efficiency of 82.21%±4.32%. The CUR-NMs-gel displayed a 3D network with flocculate of CUR-NMs adhering to its surface. The CUR release curves from the CUR-NMs-gel exhibited an obvious sustained release of DTX in physiological media with no evidence of burst effect, and only 30% of CUR was released from the CUR-NMs-gel at 72 h in pH 7.4 PBS, while 49% of CUR was released from the CUR-NMs. Vivo studies on skin penetration showed that the application of CUR-NMs-gel can significantly increase the transdermal permeability of the drug compared with the curcumin solution gel. Conclusion: The permeable nanomicelles-gel system could realize the sustained release and transdermal absorption of the soluble drug curcumin, which suggested a promising potential of this drug delivery system to treat such inflammatory skin disorders as psoriasis.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 184-188 [Abstract] ( 714 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1572 KB)  ( 962 )
189 Clinical application of CT angiography of neonatal congenital heart disease by using low radiation and isotonic contrast agents with low iodine doses combined with iDose4 iterative reconstruction technique
XU Lei, CHEN Bo, CHEN Tinggang, WU Aiqin, CHENG Jianmin.
Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of CT angiography of neonatal congenital heart disease by using low radiation and isotonic contrast agents with low iodine doses combined with iDose4 iterative reconstruction technique. Methods: Prospectively, a total of 102 continuous patients from department of neonatology of our hospital between January 2015 and March 2018 who needed CT angiography of heart were divided into 2 groups randomly. Different scan protocols were adopted. Routine group (group A) included 53 patients using 100 kVp, 100 mAs, Iohexol (350 mg I/mL) and filtered back projection algorithm. Experimental group included 49 patients using 80 kVp, 80 mAs, Iodixanol (270 mg I/mL) and seven groups of images were acquired according to iDose4 iterative reconstruction algorithm (iDose4-1-iDose4-7), of which 5 groups (iDose4-2-iDose4-6) were selected and recorded as group B, group C, group D, group E, and group F. Individualized injections were given according to the weight of newborns and their iodine intake was calculated. CT value of aortic arch, descending aorta at the level of tracheal bifurcation, pulmonary trunk, pectoralis major and erector spinae on both sides at the level of aortic arch were measured. The standard deviation (SD) of CT value of the air around at the tracheal bifurcation level was recorded as background noise, and signal to noise ratio (SNR) and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) were calculated, and the quality of images was evaluated subjectively. Volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and dose-length-product (DLP) were recorded, and the effective dose (ED) and size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) were calculated. The diagnostic coincidence rate for CTA examinations of these six groups was calculated and compared with the surgery or cardiac catheterization examination as the “gold standard”. Results: Compared with routine group, CTDIvol, SSDE, DLP, ED of experimental group descended by 57.08%, 56.62%, 58.31%, 56.97%, respectively (P<0.05). The iodine intake of experimental group and routine group was (1.83±1.27)g, (1.61±1.36)g
respectively, with significant statistical difference (t=2.124, P<0.05). The objective evaluation of group B and group F was not as good as that of group A, group C, group D and group E (P<0.05). Subjective evaluation of group A and group E was better than the other groups. Subjective evaluation of group C and group D was better than group B and group F. The diagnostic coincidence rate of the six groups was 98.6%, 81.6%, 87.7%, 97.9%, 97.9%, 96.9%, respectively (P>0.05). Conclusion: Using 80 kVp, 80 mAs and Iodixanol (270 mg I/mL) combined with iDose4 iterative reconstruction technique for CT angiography of neonatal congenital heart disease, the image quality could meet the requirement for clinical diagnosis, and the radiation dose and the iodine dose of contrast medium could be lowered.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 189-193 [Abstract] ( 721 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1426 KB)  ( 725 )
194 Chemokines and their receptors in gastric cancer: correlative change and effect analysis
WANG Pengfei, JIN Jingji, HU Changyuan, CHEN Wenjing, ZHU Guanbao, CHENG Jun

Objective: In this study, to analyze correlative effect, we tried to screen for changes in expression of chemokines and their receptors in gastric cancer tissues. A chemokine, named CXCL17, was picked out in this study. Methods: The chemokine gene chip technique was used to detect the difference in expression of chemokines among gastric cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues, and the correlations between the differentially expressed genes were analyzed by bioinformatics method. CXCL17 was selected for mRNA level and protein level verification through the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database analysis and immunohistochemistry experiments respectively. The relationship between CXCL17 and its clinical characteristics was studied as well. Results: Gene chip analysis showed an overexpression greater than two folds in 49 genes which were mainly related to immune response and inflammation. Analysis in the TCGA database showed a significant decrease in the expression of CXCL17 in gastric cancer tumor tissues (P<0.01) compared with normal adjacent tissues, and the protein expression of CXCL17 was also decreased (P<0.05). The analysis of clinicopathological data showed that the down-regulation of CXCL17 expression was associated with the degree of tumor differentiation (P<0.01). Conclusion: Our study was to screen the changes of related chemokines in gastric cancer microenvironment by gene chip technologies and the results demonstrated that CXCL17 is associated with the development of gastric cancer.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 194-197 [Abstract] ( 716 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1436 KB)  ( 719 )
198 Effect of very early mobilization on the recovery of walking function after ischemic stroke
WU Wenxiu1, WANG Zhewei, CHEN Xiaoli, CHEN Guoqian, JIN Haimin, HE Dongrui, ZHOU Chengye,
Objective: To investigate the effect of very early mobilization of the lower extremity on the recovery of ambulatory function in stroke patients. Methods: We performed a randomized controlled clinical trial on thirty-one eligible patients who were divided as control and experimental groups. Both the groups received conventional treatments. However, the experimental group received additional interventions to intensify lower extremity motion within 48 hours after the stroke by using a leg cycle ergometer system while practicing sitting and standing under the guidance of the therapist. The primary outcome measure for this analysis was the number of days required for the patient to walk for at least 50 m unassisted. Further, the patients were evaluated based on the prognosis with Modified Rankin Score (mRS) and Barthel index score after 3 months. Results: There were no significant differences in demographic data and clinical outcomes between the two groups. After 3 months, 77.4% (24/31) patients recommenced walking unassisted for 50 m and 45.2% (14/31) of them were able to walk unassisted within 2 weeks. When age, gender, and NIHSS scores were corrected, the independent walking time was significantly shorter in the experimental group than in the control group (median 10 vs 39 days, P=0.005). Stratified analysis of mild and moderate-heavy strokes after correction for related factors showed that the recovery time of walking in the experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (median 6 vs 23 days, P=0.008), while there was no significant difference in the time of independent walking in moderate stroke cases between the two groups (P=0.303). The mRS and MBI were significantly higher in patients after treatment than before treatment (F=164.170, P<0.001; F=70.947, P<0.001), but did not show any significant difference between the two groups (F=0.001, P=0.997; F=0.291, P=0.594). Of note, there were no significant differences in the occurrence of complications such as pulmonary infection and venous thrombosis in either group. Conclusion: Early enhancement training of the lower extremity after stroke can promote the recovery of ambulatory function in patients with mild stroke, but has no obvious effect on the improvement of walking ability in moderate-to-severe stroke patients. Our study concludes that very early mobilization is safe without any adverse effects, and it is effective in stroke patients.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 198-203 [Abstract] ( 691 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1327 KB)  ( 681 )
204 MiR-202 inhibits the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting ROCK1
YUAN Linlin, YU Xiaofen.
Objective: To observe the effect of microRNA-202 on the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and explore the possible molecular mechanism. Methods: The expression level of miR-202 in human HCC cells (Hep3B, Huh7, HCCLM3) and human normal hepatic cells (LO2) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). miR-202 mimic or control microRNA (miR-control) was transfected into the HCCLM3 cells and miR-202 inhibitor or negative control microRNA (miR-NC) was transfected into the Hep3B cells. Transfection efficiency was examined by qRT-PCR. The effect of miR-202 on the migration and invasion of HCC cells was detected by Transwell assay. Bioinformatics website TargetScan was used to predict the potential targets of miR-202 and dual luciferase reporter assay was used to validate the target gene of miR-202. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of miR-202 target gene. Results: The expression of miR-202 in normal liver cells was significantly higher than that in HCC cells. Transfection of miR-202 mimics significantly increased the expression level of miR-202 in HCCLM3 cells, and led to the decreased ability of cell migration and invasion. Transfection of miR-202 inhibitor significantly decreased the expression level of miR-202 in Hep3B cells, and led to the increased ability of cell migration and invasion. Bioinformatics website and dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed ROCK1 was the target gene of miR-202. Overexpression of miR-202 significantly reduced the expression of ROCK1 while miR-202 knockdown led to increased expression of ROCK1. Conclusion: The expression of miR-202 is down-regulated in HCC cells. miR-202 inhibits the migration and invasion of HCC cells by down-regulating the expression of ROCK1 gene.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 204-209 [Abstract] ( 661 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1546 KB)  ( 662 )
210 Analysis of the Th22 and Th17 cell expression in patients with cervical cancer
HU Yunshuang, ZHOU Wangzhan, ZHANG Ying, HE Wei.
Objective: To investigate the expression of Th22 and Th17 cells in the peripheral blood of patients with cervical cancer as well as its association with clinical pathologic features of cervical cancer patients.Methods: Flow cytometry was used to assess the frequency of Th22 and Th17 cells in the peripheral blood of chronic cervicitis (CCS), cervical intraepithelialneoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer (CC) patients. ELISA method was performed to detect the levels of IL-22, IL-17 and TNF-α in serum. Results: The expression of Th22 and Th17 cells were both elevated in CC and CIN patients in comparison with CCS patients. In CC patients, high Th22 expression was closely correlated with higher incidence of lymph node status. In comparison with the CCS group, levels of IL-22, IL-17 and TNF-α were significantly increased in CC and CIN patient. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that there is a higher circulatory frequency of Th22 and Th17 in CC, and changes of Th22 cells, Th17 cells and related cytokines may conjointly participate in the pathogenesis and growth of CC.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 210-213 [Abstract] ( 631 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1343 KB)  ( 620 )
214 A comparison of a medial distractor and steinmann pin for correction of varus deformity of calcaneal fracture
WU Bolai, WANG Baohu, WU Lebin.
 Objective: To analyze and compare the advantages and disadvantages as well as curative effect of using the medial distractor and steinmann pin to correct the malformation of calcaneal fracture. Methods: A retrospective study of 60 cases from January 2015 to May 2016 were enrolled, with 53 males and 7 females, and the mean age being 38.9 years old (ranging from 26 to 61 years). All the cases were divided into two groups according to the surgical operation as medial distractor group (group A) with 30 cases and steinmann pin group (group B) with 30 cases. Foot X-ray before and after operation was shot and Bǒhler’s angle, Gissane’s angle, varus angle, length, width and height of the calcaneus were measured. The two groups were compared in terms of intraoperative indexes and radiological data. The function of foot after operation was observed in the follow-up visits and clinical effect was evaluated using the American Oahopedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score. Results: There was no significant difference in the operation time, the amount of intraoperative bleeding, calcaneus length, width, height, Bǒhler’s angle and Gissane’s angle between the two groups (P>0.05). The correction of calcaneal varus angle observed in group A was superior to those in group B, showing significant difference (P<0.01). The AOFAS score in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (85.29±6.67 vs. 63.11±9.03), the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with steinmann pin retraction in the calcaneal surgery, the use of a medial distractor could better correct the calcaneal varus angle, and had no adverse effects on other factors in the improvement of the calcaneus.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 214-218 [Abstract] ( 679 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1434 KB)  ( 795 )
219 The value of  precordial transition in the differential diagnosis of ventricular arrhythmias in the right ventricular outflow tract
WANG Qiaoqiao, LIN Jiaxuan, LI Jin, LI Yuechun, LIN Jiafeng.
Objective: To explore the diagnostic value of precordial transition in the ventricular arrhythmia of right ventricular outflow tract. Methods: Retrospectively study was made of ECG data from 295 patients with ventricular arrhythmias originating from the right ventricular outflow tract and 77 cases originating from left ventricular outflow tracts who were successfully treated with catheter radiofrequency ablation (gold standard). Precordial transition in the left and right ventricular outflow tracts and in different parts of the right ventricular outflow tract was observed. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of ventricular arrhythmia in the diagnosis of right ventricular outflow tract with the precordial transition ≥V3 were compared with the precordial transitional zone index ≥0 and a comparison was also made in diagnostic sensitivity of early ventricular outflow tract in different parts of the right ventricle with the Precordial transition ≥V3. Results: The migration score and transition zone index of the left ventricular outflow tract and  right ventricular outflow tract were 1.71±0.78, 4.22±0.67, −1.48±1.31, 0.56±0.72 respecitively. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of arrhythmia in the diagnosis of the right ventricular outflow tract with the precordial transition ≥V3 were 76.95%, 93.51%, 80.38%, 97.84%, 51.43% respectively, and 93.56%, 90.91%, 93.01%, 97.53%, 78.65% in the precordial transitional zone index≥0. The thoracic leads in the posterior, medial, anterior, and free wall regions of the right ventricular outflow tract were 3.65±0.82, 3.76±0.54, 4.53±0.65, and 4.75±0.66, respectively. The sensitivity of the precordial transition ≥V3 to the diagnosis of the right posterior ventricular outflow tract in the posterior, middle, anterior, and free wall areas was 56.52%, 66.67%, 89.11%, and 91.18%, respectively. Conclusion: The precordial transition of the left ventricular outflow tract is more delayed than that of the right ventricular outflow tract and is often present in v3 and later leads. The precordial transitional zone index ≥0 improves the positive identification rate. It is particularly applicable to such standards as the free wall area and the front partition wall located in the front of the right ventricular outflow tract.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 219-221,225 [Abstract] ( 765 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1271 KB)  ( 1043 )
222 Detection of serum anti-PLA2R antibody by indirect immunofluorescence testing assay in idiopathic membranous nephropathy
YAO Lili, CHEN Xiaoqian, HUANG Zhaoxing.
2019 Vol. 49 (3): 222-225 [Abstract] ( 1099 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1257 KB)  ( 849 )
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