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2017 Vol. 47, No. 7 Published: 2017-07-25   469 Correlation of the philosophy of quantum mechanics with embodied clinical reasoning of Chinese Medicine HU Zhen, PAN Shaohua Objective: We propose the correlation of the philosophies of quantum mechanics with embodied clinical reasoning of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The generation and development of knowledge are the results of human thinking activities which make it possible for the TCM to evolve in pace with changes. The quantum theory leads us to believe that the important factors to promote the development of TCM are closely related with the mysterious philosophy of quantum mechanics. This paper analyzes and comprehends the important concepts of quantum mechanics, such as the holistic view and the complementarity principle, so as to enrich the corresponding concepts of TCM theory. Combined with TCM clinical practices, it describes the three basic procedures of emdodied clinical reasoning and explores the holistic concept and the individualized characteristics in the diagnosis and treatment. 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 469-473 [Abstract] ( 686 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1346 KB)  ( 1477 ) 474 Maresin-1 activates autophagy in macrophages via ALX/NF-κB pathway LIN Jing, LUO Lingchun, CAO Bingbing, JIN Shengwei, GAO Fang. Objective: To detect the activation of macrophage autophgy caused by maresin-1 (MaR1) and the possible related signaling pathway. Methods: The mice bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) was cultured in vitro. The expressin of LC3B was observed under laser scanning confocal microscope, the ratio of LC3B and LC3A was detected by Western blot, the expresion of ATG5, ATG7, BECN-1 gene were detected by qPCR after giving MaR1. Then macrophages were pretreated separately with lysosomal inhibitors (CQ), PI3K inhibitors (LY294002), mTOR inhibitors (rapamycin), ALX inhibitors (Boc-2), and the ratio of LC3B and LC3A or the expression of beclin-1 were detected. Results: Mice BMDMs were consisted of approximately 90% F4/80 expression asassessed by flow cytometry. The expression of LC3B was distinctly increased when given MaR1 which observed under laser scanning confocal microscope (P<0.05), so is the ratio of LC3B and LC3A which detected by Western blot (P<0.05), and the expression of ATG5, ATG7, BECN-1 which detected by qPCR (P<0.01). When cells were pretreated by CQ or rapamycin, the effect of MaR1 was not diappeared, when pretreated by LY294002, the effect of MaR1 was diappeared. After treatment by MaR1, the expression of p50 was increased (P<0.01), the effect of MaR1 in the macropages come from p50 KO mice was disappeard. Conclusion: MaR1 activates autophagy in macrophages via ALX/NF-κB pathway. 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 474-479 [Abstract] ( 817 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2420 KB)  ( 1135 ) 480 Intestinal trefoil factor plays a protective role in acute graft versus host disease through aotophagy CHEN Huiyao, ZHANG Wei, FANG Fang, HE Ying, ZHUANG Qiang, JIANG Songfu Objective: To observe the protection of ITF in acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) models, and to investigate the role of autophagy in the protective effect of ITF in aGVHD. Methods: aGVHD model was established from donor mice C57BL/6 (H-2b) to host mice BALB/C (H-2d). According to different treatment, mice were divided into 4 groups. No any treatment in control group, BM group only reveiced bone marrow transplantation, while aGVHD group received a combination of bone marrow and spleen cells, ITF group accepted prophylaxis ITF treatment on basis of aGVHD group treatment. The aGVHD level was evaluated by clinical scores, survival time, peripheral leukocyte counts and expression of LC3 by immunohistochemical staining. Results: The model of aGVHD was successfully established. Compared with ITF group, aGVHD group performanced earlier aGVHD symptoms, shorter survial time, lower peripheral WBC counts and higher aGVHD clinical scores (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) showed that aGVHD group had higher expression of LC3 compared with BM group and ITF group (P<0.05). Conclusion: ITF play a protective role in aGVHD, which is associated with decrease of autophagy. 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 480-484 [Abstract] ( 637 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1783 KB)  ( 893 ) 485 Application of quantitative evaluation of computed diffusion-weighted imaging using 3-T magnetic resonance imaging for breast cancer Xu Huazhi, Zhou Jiejie, Yuan Xiangzhi, Ye Xiaohe, YE Qiong, LI Jiance Objective: To quantitatively compare the signal-to-noise (SNR) and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between series computed diffusion-weighted images (cDWI) and directly measured diffusion-weighted images (mDWI) with b value of 1 000 s/mm2 in patients with breast cancer using 3.0T MRI, and to obtain optimized b value cDWI images with diagnostic quality. Methods: Twenty-four patients with breast cancer (female, age ranged 25-63 years) received DWI examinations at 3.0T (b values of 0, 1 000 s/mm2) to create cDWI images at arbitrary b values of 1 000, 1 500, 2 000, 2 500, 3 000, 3 500, 4 000 s/mm2 under MATLAB 2015b environment. Regions of interest (ROI) were drawn on tumor-suspicious lesions and normal-appearing regions. Results: The CNR between tumor and normal regions in cDWI showed a continuously improvement with increasing b value (H=62.779, P<0.05), but the SNR was progressively decreased (H=134.985, P<0.05). cDWI1 000 and mDWI1 000 showed a similar CNR (t=0.096, P>0.05), but SNR of cDWI1 000 was higher than that of mDWI1 000 (t= 2.868, P<0.05). SNR of the remaining b value cDWI were lower than mDWI1 000 (t=-7.766, -11.377, -12.259, -12.737, -12.869, -12.896, all P<0.01). CNR of b value range (b=1 500, 2 000, 2 500, 3 000 s/mm2) cDWI were higher than those of mDWI1 000 (t=3.138, 3.263, 2.855, 2.243, P<0.05), but the difference of CNR between higher b value cDWI and mDWI1 000 was not significant (t=2.066, 1.839, P>0.05). Conclusion: The high b-value cDWI images contributes to visualize the breast cancer, and the optimal b value cDWI for breast cancer detection is in the range of 1 500-2 000 s/mm2. 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 485-489 [Abstract] ( 686 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1842 KB)  ( 855 ) 490 Role and mechanism of miR-21 in human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS invasion in vitro LYU Chen, CHEN Xin, ZHU Xiongbai, LIN Wenjun, WANG Lu, HUANG Zhengxiang, YANG Shengwu. Objective: To study the role and mechanism of miR-21 on regulating invasion in osteosarcoma cell line U2OS in vitro. Methods: The cultivation of human fetal osteoblastic cell line hFOB1.19 and human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-21 in the previous two groups. miR-21-up lentivirus infected U2OS cells. qRT-PCR was then used to detect the expression of miR-21 between the miR-21-up-infected U2OS cells and no-infected U2OS cells. Transwell chamber invasion assay was used to observe the effect of miR-21 in U2OS cells invasion. Western blot analysis was used to verify miR-21’s role in regulating the expression of PTEN and invasive associated protein MMP-2/MMP-9 in U2OS cells. Results: qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of miR-21 was significantly increased in U2OS cells (P<0.05). Transwell assay results showed that overexpression of miR-21 could significantly promote U2OS cells invasion (P<0.05). Western blot analysis results showed that the expression of PTEN was decreased in U2OS cells and negative correlated with miR-21 (P<0.05). Western blot results analysis also showed that miR-21 could significantly improve the expression of MMP-2/9 (P<0.05). Conclusion: miR-21, which targets PTEN, promotes U2OS invasion by activating the expression of MMP-2/9 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 490-495 [Abstract] ( 630 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2078 KB)  ( 951 ) 496 Effect of levosimendan on the resuscitation with lipid emulsion in bupivacaine-induced asystole in isolated rat hearts XIA Fangfang, CHEN Hongfei, JIN Zhousheng, SHI Kejian, CHEN Limei, XU Xuzhong. Objective: To investigate the effect of levosimendan on the resuscitation with lipid emulsion in bupivacaine-induced asystole in isolated rat hearts. Methods: Sixteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (n=8). Asystole was induced by bupivacaine in the Langendorff isolated heart perfusion model. The perfusate in the control group contained 2% lipid emulsion, while the perfusate in the experiment group contained levosimendan (5 μmol/L) and 2% lipid emulsion. The resuscitation time (Tr), heart rate (HR), heart rate-pressure product (RPP) , the maximum change rate of left ventricular pressure rise (+dp/dt) and coronary flow (CF) in the isolated hearts were all recorded until 40 min since the recovery phase. Results: All hearts in both groups achieved re-beating. Tr in two groups has no significant difference (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the cardiac function parameter HR, RPP and +dp/dt increased significantly in the isolated heart of the experiment group during the 40 min recovery phase (P<0.05). CF of the heart in the experiment group was higher than that of the control group after re-beating (P<0.05). There were no ventricular arrhythmias in two groups. Conclusion: In the bupivacaine-induced asystole of isolated rat heart model, levosimendan can enhance the heart function without increasing the risk of ventricular arrhythmias after the resuscitation with lipid emulsion. 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 496-499 [Abstract] ( 631 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1481 KB)  ( 852 ) 500 The diagnostic value of mri and ultrasonography in adherent placenta CHEN Fang, YU Jie, CHEN Yaomeng, CHI Xinle, LIU Jinjin, CHEN Weijian Objective: To analyze the diagnostic value of MRI and ultrasonography in adherent placenta, and to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of examination methods for this disease. Methods: A total of 134 patients suspected as placenta implantation abnormality underwent MRI and ultrasonography. The diagnostic value of MRI and ultrasonography in adherent placenta were evaluated and compared with intraoperative and postoperative pathology as the diagnostic criteria. Results: In 134 cases who were all undergoing caesarean section, 43 cases were confirmed to be placenta implantation by the intraoperative and postoperative pathology diagnosis. Among them, 24 patients were as adhesion, 17 patients were as implanted and 2 patients were as penetrating. The sensitivity, specificity, correct index, misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate of adherent placenta diagnosis by MRI were 62.50%, 87.27%, 49.77%, 12.73% and 37.50%, respectively. The indexes above of diagnosis by ultrasound were 25.00%, 89.09%, 14.09%, 10.91% and 75.00%, respectively. There were significant differences between the sensitivity of MRI and ultrasonography (χ2=6.875, P=0.009). Conclusion: Ultrasonography is of high specificity. Its position as the convenient and cheap screening test is irreplaceable. The sensitivity of MRI is higher than that of ultrasonography. And MRI should be regarded as a routine examination of suspected cases. 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 500-503 [Abstract] ( 867 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (6849 KB)  ( 3630 ) 504 The immune response of Th17 cells in the cervical diseases with high-risk human papillomavirus infection XUE Jisen, ZHU Hua, ZHANG Shenghui, LYU Jieqiang, HU Yan Objective: To study the role of cellular immunity in patients of cervical cancer with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection mediated by Th17 cells and IL-17. Methods: The study groups included 28 cervical cancer patients, 29 CIN3 patients, 30 CIN2 patients, 26 CIN1 patients, 25 high-risk HPV infected healthy women and 30 patients with HPV negative. The percentage of Th17 cells in the peripheral blood was detected by flow cytometry. The concentration of IL-17 in serum was examined by ELISA. Results: During the disease progression of cervical lesions, the proportion of Th17 cells in the total CD4+ cells showed a gradually increased tendency compared with the controls. The proportions differed significantly among the study groups and the control group (P<0.05). During the disease progression of cervical lesions, levels of IL-17 in serum showed a gradually increased tendency and differed significantly among all groups (P<0.05), but comparisons between any two groups were no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study indicates that the cellular immunoreaction mediated by Th17 cells and IL-17 may be related to the infection of high-risk HPV, which contributes to the disease progression of its associated cervical diseases. 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 504-509 [Abstract] ( 619 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1822 KB)  ( 822 ) 510 Establishment of the epilepsy model in vitro based on optical release of caged-glutamate ZHENG Qian qian, CHEN Liangliang, YE Xuesong Objective: In order to better study the internal mechanism of the seizure, the epilepsy model in vitro was established to simulate seizure discharge. Methods: Aiming at the drawbacks of the electrical stimulation and drugs intervention, a stimulation system of neurons based on optical release of caged-glutamate was developed. The hippocampal neurons cultured on the microelectrode array were used as the research object. The ultraviolet (UV) focused by the optical focus system was delivered to the bath solution contained cage-glutamate. Using a specific wavelength of UV to remove the caged function of photosensitive groups, glutamate was released. Results: The hippocampal neurons showed the normal potential when the UV did not work. The glutamate induced seizure discharge in the hippocampal neurons after the UV excitation. Conclusion: The epilepsy model in vitro was preliminarily set up. The model provides the rational model in vitro for the researches on the mechanism of the epilepsy. 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 510-513 [Abstract] ( 644 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1968 KB)  ( 773 ) 514 Comparison of effects of two different lipid regimens in the resuscitation of bupivacaine-induced cardiac arrest in rats LIU Le, JIN Zhousheng, NAN Fubei, DONG Jiaojiao, XIANG Saiqiong, WANG Quanguang Objective: To observe the effects of the two different lipid regimens via peripheral venous administration in the resuscitation of bupivacaine-induced cardiac arrest in rats. Methods: Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to bupivacaine-induced cardiac arrest and were then randomly divided into two groups: the guideline group and the modified group, twelve rats per group. In the guideline group, lipid emusion was administered according to guidelines (Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland, AAGBI; American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, ASRA), while in the modified group, lipid emusion was administered with the improved regimen of early administration of large and rapid lipid infusion. Successful resuscitation was represented by a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) as demonstrated by a native rate-pressure product (RPP) more than 20% of baseline value that was sustained for more than 1 minute. The time of recovery of heart beating and the time of ROSC between two groups were compared. Hemodynamic parameters during the course of resuscitation were recorded in both groups. The cardiac apex of each heart was taken for measurement of the bupivacaine content by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry at the end of the experiment. Results: The recovery rate in the modified group was significantly higher than those in the guideline group (P<0.05). The time of recovery of heart beating and the time of ROSC in the modified group was significantly shorter than that in the guideline group (P<0.05). SBP, HR, RPP, CPP during 2~40 min in the modified group were equally higher than those in the guideline group (P<0.01). The cardiac tissue bupivacaine content in the modified group was significantly less than that in the guideline group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Peripheral intravenous injection of early and large dose lipid emulsion can speed up decreasing the cardiac tissue bupivacaine content, which resulted in better resuscitation than the way of early small dose lipid emulsion injection in the resuscitation of bupivacaine-induced cardiac arrest in rats. 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 514-518 [Abstract] ( 640 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1363 KB)  ( 768 ) 519 Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the osteoporosis of elder mice RUAN Liqi, HUANG Bo. Objective: To evaluate the potential pole of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in the induction and development of osteoporosis within elder mice. Methods: Healthy ICR mice were randomly divided into three groups, including sham-operated group (n=10), orchiectomy (ORX) group (n=10) and ORX+androgen group (n=10). Testicles were removed from the mice within ORX group and ORX+androgen group. In sham-operated group, the surgery to separate the testicular capsula was performed and the testicles were intact. After surgery, all the mice were fed for 14 weeks freely with water and food under the same condition. The mice were subjected to the evaluation of the bone mineral density (BMD). The blood samples were collected from heart to examine the expression level of estrogen and androgen by an ELISA method. The bone tissues were obtained. The expression levels of β-catenin and Runx2 mRNA expression were determined by real-time PCR while the expression levels of β-catenin and Runx2 protein were evaluated by Western blot. Results: The BMD in the mice of ORX group was significantly decreased compared with NS group (P<0.05). The expression levels of both β-catenin and Runx2 in the mice of ORX group were also significantly decreased compared with sham-operated group (P<0.05). The mice in ORX+androgen group showed no significant difference from ORX group (P>0.05) in BMD. The treatment of androgen could enhance the expression levels of β-catenin and Runx2 in ORX group. Conclusion: Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is inhibited 14 weeks after orchiectomy in osteoporosis mice, which can be involved in the induction and development of the osteoporosis 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 519-522 [Abstract] ( 603 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1508 KB)  ( 1007 ) 523 The characteristics of CT and MRI on ovarian clear cell carcinoma SONG Huiling, YAN Zhihan, ZHANG Wenqi, FANG Jinzhong, HUANG Fei Objective: To improve the recongnition of CT and MRI in diagnosing ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Methods: The CT and MRI features in 25 ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) patients were analyzed. 17 patients underwent pre- and post-contrast CT scans, 8 patients underwent pre-and post-contrast MRI scans. Results: Unilateral mass was revealed in all 25 cases, which localized at the right side in 16 cases, left side in 9 cases. The maximum diameter of the mass ranged from 7.2 to 16.5 cm. The tumors appeared as the roundly well-defined mass in 21 cases, the lobulated mass in 4 cases, incomplete capsule in 2 cases. 18 cases appeared as a single cyst with single or multiple large solid nodules, namely “a single capsule with large nodule”. And the fibrous septa were found in 7 cases. The distribution of solid component had certain characteristics: Among the 25 cases, 18 cases were unilateral distribution (72%), which was located in the source side of the side wall in 5 cases, 8 cases in the posterior wall, 5 cases in the side wall, anterior and posterior walls; 2 cases of tumor located in the posterior wall, 5 cases of solid component was widely distributed. CT value of cystic part of the mass was 13-26 HU, while solid part was 31-52 HU. The cystic component showed heterogenous signal intensity on T1WI, high signal intensity on T2WI. The solid component showed low signal intensity on T1WI, slightly high signal intensity on T2WI, and restricted diffusion on DWI. On post-contrast CT and MRI images, the solid and septa component showed marked and delayed enhancement, while the cystic component showed no enhancement. 9 cases showed the enlarged ipsilateral ovarian arteriovenous and increased branches. Conclusion: CT and MRI appearance of OCCC can help improve the diagnostic ability of this rare disease. 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 523-526 [Abstract] ( 683 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1663 KB)  ( 1250 ) 527 The clinical outcome of platelet-rich fibrin and piezosurgery in lateral sinus lift: a preliminary study YANG Ying, LIU Guo, LIU Chuantong Objective: To investigate the clinical outcome of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and piezosurgery in lateral sinus lift (LSL). Methods: Fifty-six patients from Stomatology Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were randomly divided into two main groups:group A and group B. The piezosurgery was used in group A (n=28) for LSL with PRF (Group A1, n=14) or without PRF (Group A2, n=14), and the traditional surgery was performed in group B (n=28) for LSL with PRF (Group B1, n=14) or without PRF (Group B2, n=14). The feelling of treatment and postoperative pain (postoperative days 1, 2, 3, and 7) were analyzed by visual analog scale (VAS), and the perforation rate of maxillary sinus membrane and the number of analgesics taken (postoperative days 1, 2, 3, and 7) were also recorded. All of these data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software. Results: A significant lower VAS score (the feeling of treatment) was found in group A, compared with group B (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the perforation rate of maxillary sinus membrane of group A was lower than that of group B (P<0.05). The difference of postoperative pain and the number of analgesics taken in group A1-B1 and group A2-B2 were both not significant (P>0.05). However, a significant difference of postoperative pain and the number of analgesics taken was found in group A1-A2 and group B1-B2 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Piezosurgery is safe and reliable in LSL, which can also reduce intraoperative and postoperative discomfort feeling when combined with PRF 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 527-529,533 [Abstract] ( 612 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2488 KB)  ( 764 ) 530 Analysis of routine blood and coagulation tests in high-risk pregnancy patients XU Fei, XU Xiaojie, LI Xiaolong, YANG Lihong, LIU Huanle, JIANG Ye, WANG Mingshan Guide::null Objective: To explore the changes of routine blood and coagulation tests in 203 high-risk pregnancy patients. Methods: The results were based on a retrospective analysis of 203 high-risk pregnancy cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from 2015.1 to 2016.3. Routine blood and coagulation tests were detected by Sysmex XE-2100 and STAGO analyzer respectively. 203 high-risk pregnancy cases were divided into three groups: mild group (62 cases), medium group (76 cases) and severe group (65 cases). Compare the results with 46 normal pregnancy patients and 51 non-pregnant cases. Results: It showed a remarkable decline in HGB, Hct, PLT of all pregnancy groups compared with non-pregnant women, whereas significant increase was in RDW (P<0.01). There’re no significant difference in MCV between all groups (P>0.05). Compared with non-pregnant women, PT, APTT, TT showed a remarkable decline in all pregnancy groups except severe group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Fibrinogen (FIB) and D-D showed significant increase over non-pregnant women (P<0.01). And PT, APTT, TT, D-D in severe group showed significant increase over the other pregnancy groups (P<0.01), FIB showed the exact contrary (P<0.01). Conclusion: There’re more obvious changes of routine blood  and coagulation tests in pregnancy cases especially in severe group. Routine blood and coagulation tests were very important for high-risk pregnancy patients 2017 Vol. 47 (7): 530-533 [Abstract] ( 572 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1334 KB)  ( 744 )

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