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2016 Vol. 46, No. 6 Published: 2016-06-25   391 Protective effect of curcumin against acute renal oxidative injury of paraquat-induced in mice ZHENG Dan, HAN Wenwen, HONG Guangliang, ZHAO Guangju, LI Mengfang, CAI Xiaoxia, WU Bin, LU Zhongqiu Objective: To investigate the effect of curcumin on oxidative stress of acute renal injury in rats induced by paraquat and the mechanism underlying its effect. Methods: Sixty rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (n=15), curcumin control group (curcumin 50 mg/kg) (n=15), PQ poisoned group (2% paraquat solution 100 mg/kg) (n=15), and curcumin intervention group (intraperitoneal injection of curcumin 50 mg/kg at 15 min, 24 h, or 48 h after paraquat exposure) (n=15). On days l, 3 and 7 after the treatment and renal tissue was collected. The content of malonaldehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), the activities of superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the renal tissue were determined with chemical colorimetry. The activities of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the renal tissue were determined with ELISA. The mRNA and protein levels of nuclear related factor 2 (Nrf2) were determined with RT-PCR and Western Blot, respectively. The pathological changes of renal tissue were examined under optical microscopy. Results: Both PQ group and curcumin intervention group with each time showed increase in MDA content, decrease in GSH content, decrease in SOD and CAT activities, increase in iNOS activities, increase in the protein and mRNA levels of Nrf2, increase in HO-1 activities at day 1, 3, in comparison with the control group (P<0.05). In comparison with the PQ group on the same day, the curcumin intervention group showed decrease in MDA content, increase in the activities of GSH, SOD, CAT, decrease in iNOS activities, and increase in the mRNA and protein levels of Nrf2 on days l, 3 and 7, increase in HO-1 on days 1, 3 (P<0.05). In the PQ group, the clearance of glomerulus saccules was increased, arranged in disorder, renal tubular epithelial cell appeared glassy degeneration and vacuolar degeneration with time expanding, but compared with PQ group, the pathological manifestations was relieved obviously with the same time in the curcumin intervention group. Conclusion: Curcumin plays a protective role in paraquat poisoning with oxidative stress of acute renal injury, which may depend on inducing the expression of Nrf2, increasing the HO-1, SOD and other antioxidant enzyme levels, and increasing the ability of resistance to oxidative stress in renal tissue. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 391-396 [Abstract] ( 899 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2052 KB)  ( 752 ) 397 Study on the ability of dengue virus HLA-A*0201-restricted T-cell epitopes in inducing T cell response DUAN Zhiliang, LI Dezhou, XU Juanjuan, JIA Qingju, LIU Huifang, CHEN Bokun, WEN Jinsheng Objective: To explore the ability of dengue virus (DENV)-specific HLA-A*0201-restricted T cell-epitope to induce DENV serotype cross-reactive T cell response. Methods: Based on the sequence of one previously identified DENV-1-specific HLA-A*0201-restricted CD8+ T-cell epitope (NS4b40-48TLYAVATTI), the epitope variants in other DENV serotypes were synthesized and their binding affinity for HLA-A*0201 molecule was determined by using MHC-peptide complex stabilization assay. These peptides were used to immunize HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice, and the ability of induced CD8+ T cells to recognize the same epitope and epitope variant was evaluated by using enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay; Finally, individual DENV serotype was used to infect HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice and ELISPOT assay was utilized to assess whether the induced CD8+ T cells could recognize same epitope or epitope variant. Results: The epitope candidate in DENV-3 (NS4b39-47TLYAVATTV) had high affinity for HLA-A*0201 molecule while the epitope candidate in DENV-2 (NS4b39-47TLYAVATTF) bound to HLA-A*0201 molecule with a low affinity. Both DENV-1-NS4b40-48 and DENV-3-NS4b39-47 elicited DENV serotype cross-reactive CD8+ T cells which were distributed in the spleen, lymph nodes, peripheral blood of peptide-immunized transgenic mice and could recognize DENV-1-NS4b40-48, DENV-2-NS4b39-47 and DENV-3-NS4b39-47 simultaneously. Additionally, the same phenomenon was observed in DENV-1, -2, -3-infected HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice. Conclusion: DENV-3-derived NS4b39-47TLYAVATTV is identified as novel CD8+ T-cell epitope. Both this epitope and a previously identified epitope (NS4b40-48TLYAVATTI) triggered DENV serotype cross-reactive CD8+ T cell response, which would help us clarify the function of DENV serotype cross-reactive CD8+ T cells and evaluate the immunogenicity of DENV vaccine. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 397-403 [Abstract] ( 649 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2132 KB)  ( 785 ) 404 Effect of GLP-1 receptor agonist Exendin4 on secretion pattern of insulin and islet amyloid polypeptide in islet beta cells Huang Tingting, GU Xuemei. Objective: To explore the effect of GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) Exendin4 on insulin and islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) secretion pattern. Methods: Cell morphology of MIN6 cells was observed after treated with different concentrations of GLP-1 receptor agonist Exendin4 for different time periods. Cell viability of MIN6 cells was detected after different interventions respectively by MTT assay. Glucose-stimulated secretion levels of insulin and islet amyloid polypeptide were examined in culture supernatant of MIN6 cells and RT-PCR was used for detecting the expression levels of insulin mRNA and IAPP mRNA after different interventions respectively. Results: Compared with the control group, Exendin4 group exhibited much stronger adherence to the culture dish, with normal morphology and increasing cell numbers. There was a significant increase of cell viability in MIN6 cells treated with Exendin4, which displayed dose- and time-dependent pattern. Insulin and islet amyloid peptide secretion levels increased accordingly, while the ratio of IAPP/insulin decreased. The mRNA expression levels of insulin and IAPP of MIN6 cells were increased with treatment of Exendin4, which also displayed dose- and time-dependent pattern, while the ratio of IAPP/insulin mRNA correspondingly. Conclusion: Exendin4 increases the number and cell viability of MIN6 cells. Exposure to Exendin4 can increase insulin and IAPP secretion levels, and mRNA expression levels of insulin and IAPP as well, while the ratio of IAPP/insulin is deceased accordingly. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 404-407,412 [Abstract] ( 692 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2584 KB)  ( 923 ) 408 The clinical features and prognosis of primary peripheral small-sized lung cancer ZHANG Yongkui, TAN Linlin, LE Hanbo, WANG Shanjun, WANG ZhaoyU, ZHU Wangyu. Objective: To investigate the occurrence and clinical pathologic characteristics of different tumor size (dimension of 2.0 cm or less) primary peripheral small-sized lung cancer, evaluating the prognosis of patients with different tumor size. Methods: The clinical pathologic features and computed tomography (CT) signs of 394 peripheral lung cancer with different tumor size (≤1.0 cm, >1.0～≤1.5 cm and >1.5～≤2.0 cm)were retrospectively analyzed; Statistical analysis was used to analyze the factors of prognosis for patients with small-sized lung cancer. Results: The main subtype of 2 cm or less peripheral lung cancer was adenocarcinoma.The clinical pathologic stage, serum level of carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), CT signs and subtypes (P<0.05)of peripheral lung cancer with different tumor size had significantly difference; 5-year survival rate of patients with a lung adenocarcinoma of≤1.0 cm was 99.5%, in which the both overall survival time and 5-year survival time were longer than those of the other two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Small-sized lung cancer with different tumor size has different clinical pathologic characteristics in which the overall survival time of micro-sized lung cancer patients is longer and the 5-year survival rate is higher, thus the early diagnosis and treatment for patients with micro-sized lung cancer is important. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 408-412 [Abstract] ( 778 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1300 KB)  ( 1319 ) 413 Resveratrol ameliorates the lipid metabolism in the diet-induced obese zebrafish RAN Gai, YING Li, LI Lin, DENG Tuo, YAN Qiaoqiao, YING Chenjiang, YE Xiaolei. Objective: To investigate the effect of resveratrol (RSV) on lipid metabolism in diet-induced obese zebrafish. Methods: One hundred and twenty adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) of the wild-type strain (AB) were randomly allocated into 4 groups: control group (Con), Con+RSV, diet-induced obese (DIO), and DIO+RSV. The Con group was fed on freshly hatched live Artemia (8 mg cysts/fish/day) once a day for 8 weeks. The DIO group was fed on freshly hatched live Artemia (60 mg cysts/fish/day) three times a day for 8 weeks. The fish were exposed to 20 mmol/L resveratrol for 11 hours every day. After 8 weeks, the body length, body weight, total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were measured. The histology of the liver was evaluated. The protein levels of pAMPKα, AMPKα, Sirt1, caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and LC3-II were analyzed by western blotting. Results: After 8 weeks, the body length, body weight and condition factor increased by 11.7%, 61.9% and 15.1% (P<0.01), respectively. There was interaction effect on body length between the food intake and resveratrol (P=0.033), but resveratrol had no effect on the above parameters. Resveratrol could significantly alleviate the fatty infiltration and the formation of lipid droplets in the liver, and resveratrol up-regulated protein levels of pAMPKα, Sirt1 (725.8% DIO+RSV group vs. DIO group, P<0.01) and autophagy marker protein LC3-II (P=0.047). Conclusion: Without affecting the body length, body weight and lipid parameters, resveratrol ameliorates the lipid metabolism via pAMPK/Sirt1/autophagy pathway in the diet-induced obese zebrafish. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 413-417 [Abstract] ( 701 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2039 KB)  ( 1161 ) 418 The role of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 12 (ARHGEF12) in leukemia cell growth GAO Li, XIE Yangyang, WANG Xiang, TANG Yanjing, TANG Jingyan, CHEN Jing, SHEN Shuhong. Objective: To assess the effect of ARHGEF12 on leukemia cell growth and the underlying mechanism. Methods: ARHGEF12 expression was determined by quantitative RT-PCR in several leukemia cell lines. Knock-down of LARG was performed with shRNAs in leukemia cell lines and the flow cytometry analysis (FACS) was used to detect the growth and apoptosis of the leukemia cells after LARG silencing. Antibody assay screen of kinase phosphorylation was done to explore the potential mechanism. Results: Knocking down ARHGEF12 in high expression cells would inhibit cell growth, which resulted from increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation. Phosphorylation of p53, CDK2 and p27 Kip1 were involved in this process. Conclusion: ARHGEF12 is essential for the growth of leukemia cells, with high expression of ARHGEF12, downregulation of ARHGEF12 would cause increased cell apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation as well. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 418-421 [Abstract] ( 692 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1515 KB)  ( 740 ) 422 Expression of chemokine CXCL14 in the proliferative-phase endometriosis ZOU Ruanmin, LIN Kezhi, YU Xia, YU Jianqin, RUAN Jingyao, CHEN Guan’ge, ZHANG Wenmiao. Objective: To analyze the expression of chemokine CXCL14 in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of the proliferative-phase endometriosis. Methods: Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were adopted to measure and compare the CXCL14 expression in 18 cases of eutopic endometrium, 24 cases of ectopic endometrium and 20 cases of normal endometrium, which were confirmed by surgery and pathology. Results: ①Compared to normal endometrium, the expression of chemokine CXCL14 at mRNA and protein levels significantly declined in eutopic endometrium with stage III-IV, there were significant differences (P<0.05). ②Compared to normal endometrium, the expression of chemokine CXCL14 at mRNA and protein levels declined slightly in eutopic endometrium with stage I-II, but there were no significant differences. ③The chemokine CXCL14 at mRNA and protein levels were significantly down-regulated in ectopic endometrium with stage III-IV compared to eutopic endometrium with stage III-IV (P<0.05). ④The chemokine CXCL14 at mRNA and protein levels were slightly down-regulated in ectopic endometrium with stage I-II compared to eutopic endometrium with stage I-II. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that CXCL14 may participate in the development and progression of endometriosis, which is likely associated with the low conception rates in women with endometriosis. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 422-426 [Abstract] ( 715 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1894 KB)  ( 859 ) 427 Oleanolic acid attenuates MK-801-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors in mice CHEN Deshen, LIU Liying, Objective: To observe the effects of oleanolic acid on schizophrenia-like behaviors in mice elicited by MK-801, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. Methods: Effects of oleanolic acid via oral gavage in MK-801-induced schizophrenia-like response in mice, such as open field test, acoustic startle response test and novel object recognition test were all observed. Results: Singlely administration of oleanolic acid blocked MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion in the open field test. In acoustic startle response test, oleanolic acid did not affect the acoustic startle response or prepulse inhibition (PPI) level. And MK-801-induced PPI deficit was ameliorated by oleanolic acid. In novel object recognition test, attention and recognition memory impairments induced by MK-801 were reversed by oleanolic acid. Additionally, oleanolic acid normalized the MK-801-induced alterations of signaling molecules, including phosphorylation levels of Akt and GSK-3β in frontal cortex. Conclusion: These results suggest that oleanolic acid can be a candidate for the treatment of several symptoms of schizophrenia, including positive symptoms, sensorimotor gating disruption, and cognitive impairments. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 427-432,437 [Abstract] ( 704 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3184 KB)  ( 913 ) 433 Correlation study of amniotic membrane transplantation on prevention of intrauterine adhesions after  transcervical resection of adhesions ZHANG Ling, ZHANG Liqian, GAO Lin, CAO Xuequan, ZHAO Lingping Objective: TO observe the therapeutic effect of amniotic membrane transplantation on the prevention of intrauterine adhesions after transcervical resection of adhesions, to assess the value of amniotic membrane transplantation for intrauterine adhesions. Methods: Ninety cases of severe intrauterine adhesions patients admitted to Taizhou Central Hospital from Jan. 2013 to Jan. 2015 were selected. They were randomly divided into Group A, B and C three group (30 cases in each group). Group A: Uterine cavity type contraceptive devices were indwelled in 30 patients after transcervical resection of adhesion (TCRA); Group B: Foley saccule urinary catheters (14 Fr) were indwelled in 30 cases after TCRA; Group C: Foley sacclue urinary catheters (14 Fr) covered with fresh amniotic membrane were indwelled in the uterine cavity of 30 patients after TCRA. Patients were inspected with hysteroscopy after one and two months of operation to calculate AFS score in order to compare the clinical curative effect of three kinds of treatment method. The endometrial tissues were collected during operation and stained with HE, then, the number of the endometrial gland was counted to observe the situation of the menstrual recovery. The incidences of infection in the three groups were followed-up. Results: After two months of operation, conditions of uterine form, uterine volume and menstruation recovery were better in Group C than those in Group A and Group B (P<0.05). The endometrial glands count that was performed after HE staining was much higher in Group C than that in Group A and Group B (P<0.01). The positive rates of infection in Group C were lower than those in Group A and Group B (P<0.05). Conclusion: The effect that amniotic membrane transplantation is used to prevent intrauterine readbesion after transcervical resection of adhesions is much better than using uterine cavity type and Foley saccule urinary catheter. Amniotic membrane transplantation is a safe and effective treatment for severe intrauterine adhesions patients. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 433-437 [Abstract] ( 680 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1225 KB)  ( 1370 ) 438 Retrospective study of the pulp prognosis and influence factors of dentin-fractured teeth GAO Yunyun, HUANG Jianjing, XIE Yalun. Objective: The dental pulp prognosis and influential factors of dentin-fractured permanent teeth were analyzed retrospectively. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on the dentin-fractured patients treated in the Department of Stomatology of our hospital during the period from February 2012 to March 2014. The associative information of patients such as sex, age, the treatment time and method, the teeth-root development, the extent of fracture close to dental pulp, the tooth mobility and treatment pain were recorded in detail. The therapeutic effect, prognosis of dental pulp and the factors influencing the prognosis of dental pulp were analyzed by retrospective analysis. Results: Totally 305 patients who met the inclusion criteria and 325 diseased teeth were collected. Among all the dentin-fractured teeth, pulp necrosis occurred in 77 teeth (23.7%) and pulp survived or calcification occurred in 248 teeth (76.3%). The success rate of indirect pulp capping on the dentin-fractured teeth was 76.3% and had a certain statistical significance. The extent of fracture close to dental pulp and the percussion pain of treatment were highly significantly correlated to the pulp necrosis rate (P<0.05), contrarily, there is no significant correlation between the pulp necrosis rate and the factors such as age and sex of patients (P>0.05). Conclusion: The indirect pulp capping on the dentin-fractured teeth can get a higher success rate. The extent of fracture close to dental pulp and the percussion pain of treatment can be the important factors to judge the prognosis of dental pulp. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 438-441 [Abstract] ( 690 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1254 KB)  ( 942 ) 442 The surgical treatment of giant left atrial myxoma with mitral regurgitation WENG Jiakan, JIN Peifeng, SUN Chengchao Objective: To summarize our clinical data of left atrial (LA) myxoma patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) which found in surgery, in order to discuss the clinical characteristics, mechanism and treatment of MR. Methods: From July 2006 to July 2014, 50 patients were diagnosed with LA myxoma and underwent surgical treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, which contained 10 cases who underwent tumor resection with mitral valve surgery. The surgeons should perform a careful inspection of the mitral valve after tumor resection and use intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to evaluate the mitral valve. If the dysfunction of leaflet or annular of mitral valve leads severe MR, the surgeons should perform mitral valve surgery after tumor resection. All patients were followed up more than 1 year to evaluate the outcomes of myxoma resection and mitral valve surgery and complications. Results: We found moderate to severe MR when the huge tumors [(5.0±1.9) cm×(4.1±1.0 cm)] were resected in 10 cases who underwent tumor resection with mitral valve surgery, severe MR was not mentioned in 9 cases before operation among them. We performed mitral valve reconstruction on 9 patients and mitral valve replacement on 1 patient. There was no operative death. During follow-up, there was no death, reoperation and myxoma recurrence, we also found 0 cases of moderate to severe MR. Conclusion: We suggested that the surgical team should be aware of LA myxoma with MR during the operation, especially the tumor is large. The surgeons should perform a careful inspection of the mitral valve and use TEE to detect the mitral valve dysfunction timely and evaluate the outcomes of operation. If the dysfunction of leaflet or annular of mitral valve leads severe MR, we recommended the surgeons should perform mitral valve reconstruction firstly after tumor resection. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 442-446 [Abstract] ( 618 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1412 KB)  ( 698 ) 447 The differential diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in RCC and RAML with minimal fat ZHOU Haisheng, ZHANG Aiwei, CHEN Weijian, ZHENG Hanpeng, WANG Jun, HUANG Hai, QIU Qiande. Objective: To investigate the differential diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in renal cell carcinoma and renal angiomyolipoma with minimal fat. Methods: One hundred and thirty-seven patients with pathological diagnosis RAML were collected from 2012.1 to 2014.12, 122 cases with definite mature adipose tissue were dismissed, and then 15 cases with integrated data of MRI were collected, and 31 cases of renal cell carcinoma with completely radiological materials were collected as well. These signal characteristics of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging were analyzed, the value of ADC in lesion was measured, and their statistical differences were analyzed. Results: In 15 cases of RAML, 6 cases were male, 9 cases female, and the average age 47±6.0, the average value of ADC (1.62±0.18) ×10-3 mm2/s; and in 31 cases of RCC, 14 cases were male, 17 cases female, and the average age 63±7.5; 19 cases were clear-cell renal carcinoma, 7 cases were papillary renal carcinomas, and 5 cases chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, the average value of ADC was (1.460±0.283) ×10-3 mm2/s; the value of ADC was significant statistical difference (P<0.05) in renal cell carcinoma and renal angiomyolipoma with minimal fat. The sensitivity and specificity of differential diagnostic was 86.7% and 77.4%, respectively, while the value of ADC selected was 1.57×10-3 mm2/s. Conclusion: The value of the ADC of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in renal cell carcinoma and renal angiomyolipoma with minimal fat is significant difference; there are definitive diagnostic values in renal cell carcinoma and renal angiomyolipoma with minimal fat. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 447-450 [Abstract] ( 775 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1609 KB)  ( 1268 ) 451 Effect of glycosylated hemoglobin level on the prognosis of patients with diabetic cataract WANG Youpei, PANG Lingxia, GU Yunfeng, CHEN Ding, ZHENG Meiqin Objective: To investigate the relationship between the HbA1c and the treatment of patients with diabetic cataract. Methods: Ninety-two cases of diabetic cataract patients were selected, HbA1c values were preoperatively detected, of which 49 cases of HbA1c≥9% (group A), another 43 cases of HbA1c<9% (group B); 90 patients with age-related cataract were selected as the control group (group C). All patients underwent phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation. Calculate equivalent phaeo time (EPT), and compare the reaction and the treatment of the anterior segment. Results: There was no significant difference in EPT between the 3 groups (P>0.05). The reaction and treatment of the anterior segment between the B group and the C group were no significant difference (P>0.05). The reaction and the treatment of the A group were significantly different from those of the B group and the C group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The preoperative determination of HbA1c in patients with diabetic cataract has a guiding role in the choice of operation time. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 451-453 [Abstract] ( 631 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1227 KB)  ( 910 ) 454 Application of voriconazole on secondary prophylaxis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in childhood acute leukemia CHEN Min, LI Changchong, ZHOU Haixia, LI Yuan, QIAN Jiangchao, WANG Juxiang, HUANG Zhen, ZENG Weiwei. Objective: To investigate the role of voriconazole in secondary prophylaxis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in childhood acute leukemia. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate efficiency and safety of voriconazole as secondary antifungal prophylaxis in 17 patients with acute leukemia who were hospitalized in hematology department from February 2009 to July 2012. All the patients had been previously clinical diagnosed of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and confirmed by CT and GM test. When the phenomenon of myelosuppression came out, these patients would be given oral voriconazole per 12 hours until hematopoietic recovery. Results: Altogether there were 58 prophylaxis courses. All the patients successfully completed planned treatment without relapse IFD or significant side-effect. Conclusion: Voriconazole appears to be safe and effective for secondary prophylaxis of previous clinical proven invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in childhood acute leukemia. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 454-456 [Abstract] ( 687 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1217 KB)  ( 979 ) 457 Analysis of acquired cryptorchidism after repair of inguinal hernia and hydrocele in children CHEN Yi, WANG Furan, ZHONG Hongji, ZHAO Junfeng, LI Yan, SHI Zhan Objective: To analyze the mechanism associated with the testicular ascent after repair of pediatric inguinal hernia and hydrocele. Methods: Male pediatric patients who underwent inguinal hernia and hydrocele repair in our hospital between January 2000 and December 2014 were reviewed, and patients who underwent ipsilateral orchiopexies after initial repairs were identified. Undescended testes misdiagnosed or caused by improper operation and retractile testes were excluded. Results: In recent 15 years, a total of 17 295 inguinal hernias and hydroceles were repaired on 12 849 males in our institution. Of these, 8 individuals including 9 testes (0.052%) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. The age at initial operation ranged from 1 to 8 years. The birth weight was between 1.6 to 3.7 kg. The time from initial repair to orchiopexy was 5.5 to 75 months. Of these patients, 2 were preterm and 6 term. There were left-sided in 4 testes, right-sided in 3 and bilateral in 1, respectively. Eight testes located in low inguinal region and 1 in high scrotum. Subgroup analyses showed that there was no significant difference of acquired cryptorchidism incidence between laparoscopic and open surgery (0.067% and 0.029%, respectively), between inguinal hernia and hydrocele repairs (0.062% and 0.022%, respectively) and between left-sided and right-sided (0.074% and 0.038%, respectively) repairs (P>0.05). Conclusion: Acquired cryptorchidism is a rare complication after repair of pediatric inguinal hernia and hydrocele, of which the mechanism was still unclear and should be further investigated. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 457-460 [Abstract] ( 700 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1215 KB)  ( 927 ) 461 Relationship between heart rate turbulence changes and parathyroid hormone in uremic patients WANG Yongye, LI Ruofu. Objective: To discuss the relationship between heart rate turbulence (HRT) changes and parathyroid hormone in uremic patients. Methods: Eighty-two MHD patients were divided into group A (iPTH>300 ng/L) and group B (iPTH≤300 ng/L) according parathyroid hormone levels. The patients of group A were given treatment of hemodialysis, blood phosphorus reduction and calcitriol, group B were only given treatment of hemodialysis. All patients underwent 24 h ambulatory electrocardiogram, the turbulence onset (TO) and turbulence slope (TS) were calculated. Blood creatinine, parathyroid hormone were observed before and after treatment. Results: Compared with group B, TO was increased (P<0.05), but TS decreased significantly in group A (P<0.05). Parathyroid hormone levels were positively correlated with TO (r=0.435, P<0.05), and were negatively correlated with TS (r=-0.238, P<0.05). Conclusion: Heart rate turbulence is significantly impaired in uremic patients. Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is closely related to HRT. Treatment of SHPT is helpful to HRT. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 461-463 [Abstract] ( 621 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1214 KB)  ( 774 ) 464 Study of the current situation of the nursing work environment in general 3a’s hospitals in Zhejiang province ZHOU Yao, SUN Yiqin. Objective: To investigate the current situation of the nursing work environment in general hospitals in Zhejiang province and improve the effectiveness and satisfaction of nursing management. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The investigation was carried out based on nursing work environmental scale. 760 questionnaires were distributed, and 740 valid questionnaires were recovered. The data was analyzed based on SPSS software. Results: The nine components of NEW (autonomy, work load, professional development, coworker cohesion, leadership and management, system maintenance and system change, physical environment and logistic support, rights and protections and recognition) were verified. “Work load”, “recognition” and “fights and protections” got the lowest scores in the 9 dimensions while “System maintenance”, “autonomy” and “leadership and management” got the highest. There were significant differences of some dimension scores of work environment among different marital status, work position and work departments. Conclusion: Managers should develop targeted management based on different factors, improve work environment, improve job satisfaction of nurses. 2016 Vol. 46 (6): 464-467 [Abstract] ( 592 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1218 KB)  ( 871 )

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