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2014 Vol. 44, No. 12 Published: 2014-12-25   859 The role of C-myc and HIF-1α protein in the prediction of the response of neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy in bulky squamous cervical cancer WU Jun, CHENG Miaomiao, ZHOU Qingfeng, WANG Ying, ZHU Xueqiong. Objective: To study the change of C-myc and HIF-1α protein expression after neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy and explore the role of C-myc and HIF-1α protein in prediction on the response of neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy in bulky squamous cervical cancer. Methods: Thirty-six patients with stage Ib2 or IIa2 squamous cervical cancer who underwent neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy, combined cisplatin with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin, and radical hysterectomy between 2007 and 2012 in Wenzhou Medical University were selected. Western blot was used to detect the specific expression of C-myc and HIF-1α protein. Then, streptavidin peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the cellular localization of C-myc and HIF-1α protein and the difference of the expression of C-myc and HIF-1α protein between before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and between chemotherapy-response group and non-response group. Results: ①The total effective rate of neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy in bulky squamous cervical cancer was 52.7%. ②The expression of C-myc and HIF-1α protein in tumor cells after chemotherapy was significantly lower than that before chemotherapy (P<0.05). ③There was positive correlation between the expression of C-myc protein and HIF-1α protein before chemotherapy. ④The expression of C-myc and HIF-1α protein in chemotherapy-response group before chemotherapy was significantly higher than that in non-response group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression of C-myc and HIF-1α protein in bulky squamous cervical cancer may be used as a predictor for response to neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 859-863 [Abstract] ( 707 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2181 KB)  ( 868 ) 864 Analysis of genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 in Wenzhou Han population ZHOU Huaibin, WANG Jindan, HU Lihuai, WEN Chaowei, LV Jianxin. Objective: To investigate distribution status of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 genotype in Wenzhou Han population. Methods: The CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 genotype of 287 Wenzhou Han Chinese were determined by sequencing. Results: In Wenzhou Han population, CYP2C19*1, CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 allele frequencies were 65.16%, 29.27% and 13.6%, respectively; CYP2C19*1/*1, CYP2C19*1/*2, CYP2C19*1/*3, CYP2C19*2/*3, CYP2C19*2/*2 and CYP2C19*3/*3 genotype frequencies were 44.95%, 33.45%, 6.97%, 4.18% and 0.00%, respectively. The frequency of CYP2C19 poor metabolisms was 14.63%; CYP2C9*1 and CYP2C9*3 allele frequencies were 97.74% and 2.26%, respectively; CYP2C9*1/*1 and CYP2C9*1/*3 genotype frequencies were 95.47% and 4.53%, respectively, CYP2C9*3/*3 homozygous genotype was not found in this study. Conclusion: The frequencie of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 poor metabolisms are similar to those of Japanese population, whereas they are significantly different from America-European populations. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 864-867 [Abstract] ( 631 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2803 KB)  ( 1196 ) 868 Effect of interleukin17 on collagen metabolism in hepatic stellate cells YU Panpan1, ZHANG Qiyu2, JIN Huicheng1. Objective: To investigate the effect of Interleukin17 (IL-17) on proliferation and expression of MMP-9, TIMP-1 in rat hepatic stellate cells in vitro. Methods: The HSCs were isolated by method of Optiprep. Immunocytochemical method was used to detect the α-SMA expression of HSCs. The HSCs was treated with different concentrations of IL-17 and the proliferation of HSCs was measured by MTT. The MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA levels were detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). While the MMP-9 and TIMP-1 protein were measured by ELISA. Results: HSCs were isolated and cultured successfully. Stimulated with IL-17 could significantly increase proliferation and α-SMA expression in HSCs. IL-17 could promote the MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA expression and increased protein secresion in HSCs by dose depedent manner. With increased of IL-17 concentration, the value of TIMP-1/MMP-9 was markedly upregulated. Conclusion: IL-17 can promote the proliferation of HSCs and also increases α-SMA, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression, then upregulate the value of TIMP-1/MMP-9 in HSCs, which may play an important role in live fibrosis. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 868- [Abstract] ( 644 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2267 KB)  ( 876 ) 872 The correlative analysis between atherosclerosis of head and neck large arteries and leukoaraiosis LV Yanghui, HE Songbin, TANG Weiguo, SUN Maojun, WANG Binda, ZHOU Lin, YE Zhinan. Objective: To explore the correlation between large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and leukoaraiosis (LA), that the assessment of LAA and LA were using by DSA and cranial MRI. Methods: A total of 231 cerebral infarction or TIA patients were enrolled, all of them were underwent cranial MRI and DSA examinations. The cerebral vascular risk factors were also collected. According to the Fazekas scale, all patients were divided into two groups, the “significant LA” group and the “little or no LA” group. A univariate and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the independent risk factors for LA. Results: The highest correlation was found between carotid artery stenosis and LA (r=0.30, P<0.001). Age (OR value 1.11, 95%CI 1.07-1.15; P<0.001), hypertension (OR value 3.64, 95%CI 1.61-8.20, P=0.002), moderate carotid stenosis (OR value 4.49, 95%CI 1.54-13.13, P=0.006) and severe carotid stenosis (OR value 4.29, 95%CI 1.69-10.90, P=0.002) were independent risk factors for LA. Conclusion: There is a close correlation between LAA and LA, carotid artery stenosis was an independent risk factors for LA. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 872-876 [Abstract] ( 592 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1719 KB)  ( 1189 ) 877 Analysis on the risk factors of hemorrhagic transformation after cerebral infarction LAN Qinglian1, ZHOU Chengye1, WANG Xiaotong2. Objective: To contrast the incidence of HT between large artery atherothrombosis (LAA) and cardioembolism (CE), and to investgate the risk factors for hemorhagic transformation (HT) in patients with anterior circulation infarction who was attributed to cardioembolism (CE) or large artery atherothrombosis (LAA). Methods: The clinical data of 560 acute ischemic stroke patients admitted to Wenzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University between January 2010 and December 2012 were retrospectively collected. They were divided into HT group and non-HT group. Baseline demographic and clinical information collected included gender, age at onset, hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure levels, fasting blood glucose level, levels of TC and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission, infarct size, use of antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications and statins treatment. Univariate analysis was performed using idependent-Student’s t-tests (for continuous variables) and chi-square test (for categorical variables) for each of the predictors of interest. Subsequent multivariable modeling included the presence of HT as the dependent variable in stepwise logistic regression. Results: Statins use [odds ratio (OR)=0.212, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.067-0.672], antiplatelet treatment (OR=0.170, 95%CI: 0.074-0.388) and the NIHSS score (OR=1.088, 95%CI: 1.02-1.16) were predictors of hemorrhagic transformation in LAA patients, while antiplatelet treatment (OR=2.224, 95%CI: 1.142-4.330) and blood glucose level (OR=2.168, 95%CI: 1.131-4.155) in CE patients. Conclusion: A higher HT rate found in the CE group than that in the LAA group. In LAA patients, statins used and antiplatelet treatment can lower the incidence of HT while NIHSS score may be a risk factor.But antiplatelet trentment and high blood glucose level may be the possible risk factors in CE patients. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 877-881 [Abstract] ( 654 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1726 KB)  ( 1136 ) 882 VEGF decreases the apoptosis rate of cryopreserved EOCs via PI3K-Akt-Bad signaling pathway LI Zhengzheng1, LIN Yinuo2, GUO Yanhui2 Objective: To investigate the impact of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on the apoptosis rate in cryopreservation endothelial outgrowth cells (EOCs), as well as the relationship between VEGF and the PI3K-Akt-Bad signaling pathway, to research the mechanism of VEGF reducing the apoptosis rate in cryopreservation EOCs. Methods: The mononuclear cells were harvested from umbilical cord blood, induced into EOCs and expanded in vitro. The endothelial characteristics of the EOCs were identified by immunocytochemical staining and fluorescence staining. The second generation of EOCs were devided into group W (cryoperserved after wortmannin intervention for 24 hours), group W+V (cryopreserved with 50 μg/L VEGF after wortmannin intervention for 24 hours), group BC (control group), and group V (cryopreserved with 50 μg/L VEGF). All these groups were resuscitated after being cryopreservated at -80 ℃ for 24 hours. Subsequently, apoptosis rates were detected by flow cytometry, and the expressions of p-Akt, Bad, and Caspase 3 were measured using Western-blot test. Results: The cells cultured by adherent method showed multiple endothelial characteristics. Although cryopreservation increased the apoptosis rate of EOC (5.36%±0.27%), VEGF protected cells from deep hypothermia and thus reduced the apoptosis rate of recovery cells (3.36%±0.27%, P<0.05). Inhibition of PI3K by wortmannin decreased the protection of VEGF on the EOCs and increased the cellular apoptosis rate (8.34%±0.57%, P<0.05). Western-blot test showed elevation of p-Akt expressions and decline of Bad and Caspase 3 expressions in EOCs cryopreserved with VEGF (P<0.05). Under the PI3K inhibition by wortmannin, the expression of p-Akt was down-regulated while expressions of Bad and Caspase 3 were up-regulated (P<0.05). Conclusion: VEGF decreases the apoptosis rate of cryopreserved EOCs partly via PI3K-Akt-Bad signal pathway. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 882-886 [Abstract] ( 847 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2891 KB)  ( 1112 ) 887 Expression and significance of CXCL-16 in chronic kidney disease YE Hanyang, JIN Lingwei, JIN Jian, CHEN Yan, GAO Yiyi, HUANG Wen, LI Zhanyuan, ZHENG Yu, ZHOU Zhihong. Objective: To study the effect of C-X-C chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and animal models of nephritic syndrome. To investigate whether elevated CXCL16 concentrations were associated with renal failure in the development of CKD. Methods: Serum samples of 40 healthy people and 200 CKD subjects including our patients and long-term hemodialytic patients were collected. Plasma CXCL16 levels and other clinical and biochemical parameters in all subjects were obtained based on the clinical examinational standard methods. As for experimental animals, 14 male C57BL/6 rats were obtained, which were distributed into common control group and common model group. 7 CXCL16 knockout rats which were randomly distributed into knockout control group and knockout model group were also obtained. Their living conditions were observed for 4 weeks. After that, they were killed and their serum urea nitrogen, creatine, CXCL16 and other indexes were determined; the pathological changes of their kidney tissues were observed. Results: Plasma CXCL16 levels were significantly increased with the development of CKD from early-and end-stage (P<0.001 for trend), median circulating CXCL16 level was higher in end-stage CKD patients compared with the early-stage CKD patients and the middle-stage CKD patients. After adjusting for age, gender, and body mass index (BMI), plasma CXCL-16 levels significantly associated with renal function and other factors in CKD subjects. Correlative analysis showed the level of CXCL16 was positively associated with serum urea nitrogen, serum creatine, CRP and adiponectin (P<0.05), and negatively associated with eGFR, HDL-C. In the animal experiments, compared with those in common model group, the increments of serum urea nitrogen, creatine and uric acid in knockout model group were much lower. Renal pathology indicated the level of kidney damage in knockout model group was lower than that in common model group. Conclusion: Plasma CXCL16 levels are significantly increased with the development of early-to end-stage CKD and are independently associated with the loss of renal function. Understanding whether increased CXCL16 is a marker or a potential mechanism of myocardial hypertrophy in CKD requires further study. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 887-891 [Abstract] ( 760 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2633 KB)  ( 781 ) 892 Assessment of 64-slice spiral computed tomography angiography with image fusion for failing arteriovenous fistulas and grafts in hemodialysis patients WEI Peiying1, JIA Xiufen1, ZHENG Chenfei2, ZHENG Yongfei1, KONG Jianguo1, ZHANG Hua1, WU Enfu1. Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of 64-multislice spiral computed tomography angiography (64-MSCTA) with image fusion for failing arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Thirty-two hemodialysis patients with failing autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and 4 patients with failing synthetic arteriovenous graft (AVG) underwent 64-MSCTA. After axial source images were obtained, maximum intensity projection (MIP), volume rendering (VR), curved planner reconstruction (CPR), multiple planar reconstruction (MPR) images were constructed. Using VR technique, computed tomography angiography (CTA) of inflow artery and outflow vein (the polytetrafluoroethylene loop graft also was included in patients with AVG) were reconstructed respectively, and then the images were fused together. Results: Among 32 hemodialysis patients with failing AVF, the anastomotic stenosis in 11 cases, the cases of mild (0%～49%), moderate(50%～74%), severe (75%～99%) and occlusion (100%) stenosis were 1, 1, 8 and 1, respectively. Outflow vein stenosis was found in 18 cases, the cases of mild, moderate, severe and occlusion were 2, 4, 8 and 4, respectively. Inflow artery stenosis was found in 5 cases, mild in 2 and severe in 3. Mural thrombus was displayed by MIP in 11 cases, vein tumor-like expansion in 13 cases, multiple calcified plaques in 2 cases. Among 4 hemodialysis patients with AVG, 2 cases stenosis was at the venous anastomosis, mild in 1 and severe in 1. One cases stenosis was at PTEE loop graft and was of mild segmental stenosis. One case stenosis at anastomosis and loop graft simultaneously. Conclusion: 64-MSCTA with image fusion can accurately evaluate arteriovenous fistulas and grafts, which is helpful for customize future intervention. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 892-895 [Abstract] ( 737 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (3132 KB)  ( 1037 ) 896 A Meta-analysis of dexmedetomidine versus tramadol in prevention of perioperative shivering ZHAO Xiyue1, MIAO Jianxia1, WANG Liangrong1, JIANG Liuming1, QIU Enyi2, LIN Lina1. Objective: To compare the effects of dexmedetomidine and tramadol in prevention of perioperative shivering and evaluate their side effects. Methods: All the  randomized controlled trials referring to the comparison of dexmedetomidine and tramadol in prevention of perioperative shivering were searched in the domestic and foreign databases in recent five years. The enrolled published literatures were analyzed using Meta-analysis method with RevMan5.1 statistical analysis software. Results: Fourteen separate clinical randomized controlled trials including 854 cases were researched with the Meta-analysis. Objective responsiveness: the perioperative shivering rates of dexmedetomidine group were less than that of tramadol group (P=0.008). The RR values and 95%CI (confidence interval) were 0.60 (0.41~0.88). Adverse reactions: the incidence of nauses and vomiting were lower in the dexmedetomidine group than that in the tramadol group (P=0.008), the RR and 95%CI were 0.07 (0.03~0.14). The incidence of dizziness were lower in the dexmedetomidine group than that in the tramadol group (P=0.01), the RR and 95%CI were 0.28 (0.11~0.73). The funnel plots showed no significant publication bias in each indexes. Conclusion: The roles of prevention of perioperative shivering in dexmedetomidine group are superior to tramadol group. The incidence of adverse reactions are less in the dexmedetomidine group than that in the tramadol group. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 896-900 [Abstract] ( 703 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2588 KB)  ( 875 ) 901 Clinical observation of nebulized different concentration saline in treatment of bronchiolitis ZHU Lili, ZHANG Yan, ZHANG Hailin, ZHANG Weixi, HU Xiaoguang, LUO Yunchun, LI Changchong. Objective: To compare the efficacy, safety and expenses of nebulized different concentration saline in treatment of hospitalized bronchiolitis. Methods: There were 66 patients enrolled in the clinical trial from January to December 2012 in the ward of Respiratory Department of the Yuying Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Wen Zhou Medical University. They were randomised to three groups, including 0.9% saline (NS) group, 3% hypertonic saline (3% HS) group and 5% hypertonic saline (5% HS) group. 0.9% normal saline solution 3 mL, 3% hypertonic saline solution 3 mL and 5% hypertonic saline solution 3 mL were given to patients in the three groups respectively, patients received nebulizations three times everyday, delivered at intervals of more than 4 h by air-compressed nebulizers and face masks until discharge. The primary efficacy outcome of the study was Clinical Bronchiolitis Severity Score, length of stay, the rate of adverse events and hospital expenses. Results: There was no significance difference in the Clinical Bronchiolitis Severity Score from the first day to the third day, neither in length of stay nor in symptom relieved time among the three groups (P>0.05). The rate of adverse events was 12.2% in 5% HS group, which was significantly higher than other two groups (2.3% in NS group, 4.6% in 3% HS group) (x2=34.199, P<0.01). The adverse events included common cough, severe cough and vomit. Conclusion: The effectiveness of nebulized hypertonic saline may not be superior to inhalation of normal saline in treatment of patients hospitalized with bronchiolitis. Nebulized hypertonic saline will not increase the medical expenses. In contrast with 5% hypertonic saline, inhalation of 3% hypertonic saline is a relative safe therapy for patients with bronchiolitiss, yet no severe adverse events have happened. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 901-905 [Abstract] ( 674 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1724 KB)  ( 1042 ) 905 The clinical significance of MR in the diagnosis of cesarean scar pregnancy SIMA Bin, QIU Xiaowei Objective: To analyze MR findings of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP). Methods: The MR findings in 11 patients who were diagnosed as CSP by surgery and pathology  from January 2013 to September 2013 were retrospectively analyzed, and the features of the MR findings were summarized. Results: All gestational sacs (11) were clearly detected by MR. Among the 11 cases, gestational sac presented as cystic mass with smooth margin located within the scar of uterine wall at the lower anterior uterus in 4 cases. In 1 of the 4 cases, gestational sac  was found within the myometrium, whereas in the remaining 3 cases, gestational sac was found partially within the myometrium with extension into the uterine cavity. In the remaining 7 of the 11 cases, gestational sac presented as irregular, multilobolated mass, growing deeply into the myometrium as well as into the uterine cavity. In 1 of the 7 cases, gestational sac was found growing outside the uterine cavity, the signal of the uterine wall was disconnected, and the bladder was pressured. In the 7 cases, gestational sacs were rich in blood supply. An enhancing solid component with a heterogeneous mass could be seen. 7 cases showed mass enhancement in the surgical scars or around the scars, and no enhancement in the part of hemorrhage and liquid. The Cesarean scar was clearly detected by MR. Conclusion: The test of MR is safe and effective, which can provide useful information  in the diagnosis of CSP. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 905-908 [Abstract] ( 974 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (4923 KB)  ( 1467 ) 909 Surgical treatment experience of 68 patients with sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus FAN Hengwei1, XU Lubai1, ZHOU Bin1, WANG Jisheng1, WU Weijun1, CHEN Yiming1, CHEN Rong2, LIU Changbao2, ZHENG Chenguo2. Objective: To summarize the methods of diagnosis and treatment for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus. Methods: The processes of diagnosis and treatment for 68 patients with sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into the sinus resection and primary suture group, and the sinus resection and incision open group. The difference of two groups was observed in gender, age, body mass index (BMI), the cyst size, the sinus length, the distance from the anal verge cyst, the number of external ports, the number of previous surgery, the surgical wound size, the wound healing time and the postoperative complications. Results: The primary suture group of 30 patients included 26 males and 4 females. The incision open group of 38 patients included 31 males and 7 females. The average BMI (BMI) was 25.02 kg/ m2 in total. The wound healing time of the primary suture group was 14~29 d. The other group was 16~67 d. One case of the primary suture group developed wound infection, the incidence of infection was 3.33%; the other group, 2 patients had wound infection, the incidence was 5.26%. The difference in gender, age, the sick time, the distance from the anal margin, the number of external ports and previous sinus surgery had no significant in two groups (P>0.05); while the differences in the cyst size, the sinus length, the surgical wound size and the wound healing time were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The incision and primary suture is the ideal surgery. Because it has many advantages, such as faster recovery, less pain, shorter wound healing and so on. But for those larger cyst, sinus longer and larger wound, the sinus resection and incision open is more secure. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 909-912 [Abstract] ( 632 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1715 KB)  ( 1347 ) 913 Application of establish standard percutaneous renal access by ultrasound-guided “improved one-step method” in percutaneous nephrolithotomy ZHAO Yihua, JIANG Xumin, HUANG Wei, CHEN Hao, LU Yi. Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of establishing standard percutaneous renal channel using ultrasound-guided “improved one-step method”. Methods: A total of 131 patients with urinary calculi underwent percutaneous nephroscope lithotripsy using ultrasound-guided “improved one-step method” to establish standard percutaneous renal channel in our department from April 2013 to July 2014. The operation process and results of 131 cases were now retrospectively analyzed. Results: Channel in one hundred and thirty-one patients through the “improved one-step” was success fully established, I period of single-channel was establisbed in 122 cases, dual-channel in 8 cases, three-channel in 3 cases and II stage of new channel in 1 case, the time for setting up a single channel was 6 minutes on average. In the process of establishing channel, expanded too deep in 5 cases, including the upper urinary tract perforation in 3 cases and contralateral renal parenchyma injury in 2 cases. None of the patients suffered from severe loss of blood or destruction of adjacent organs during intraoperative or postoperative. Conclusion: As a technology of establishing standard percutaneous renal channel, it is safe and convenient and effective, which is worth of clinical promotion. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 913-916 [Abstract] ( 664 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (2253 KB)  ( 1051 ) 917 The resistance spectrum of escherichia coli in bloodstream infection YAO Dan1, YU Fangyou2, HUANG Xiaoying1, XU Xiaomei1, WANG Liangxing1. Objective: To investigate the drug resistance of escherichia coli isolated from patients with bloodstream infection to commonly used antibiotics, and to provide reference for clinical anti-infective drug therapy. Methods: The France Bio-Merieux company VITEK-60 compact automatic bactecial identification instrument was employed to identify the bactecia. According to the (NCCLS) 2005, the double disk confirmatory test were adopted to detect ESBLs, and K-B disk diffusion assay was used to determine antibiotic resistance of escherichia coli. Results: Totally 175 strains of escherichia coli were isolated from the samples, among them, ESBLs-producing strains accounted for 52.6% (92/175). The drug resistence of ESBL-producing escherichia coli to ampicillin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime were 98.9%, 97.8%, 94.6%, 83.7% respectively, which were significantly higher than that of non-ESBL-producing escherichia coli. The drug resistence of ESBL-producing escherichia coli to trimesulf, ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, tobramycin, levofloxacin were 76.1%, 57.6%, 57.6%, 58.7%, 69.6% respectively. The drug resistence rate to piperacillin tazobactam and macrodantin were almost similar in ESBL-producing escherichia coli and non-ESBL-producing escherichia coli. And the whole escherichia coli were sensitive to tienam and vancomycin. Conclusion: Escherichia coli as the major gram-negative bacterium led to bloodstream infection, its resistance phenomenon to common antibiotics was serious. It is necessary to pay more attention to the the drug resistance to provide reference for clinical anti-infective drug therapy. 2014 Vol. 44 (12): 917-919 [Abstract] ( 611 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1719 KB)  ( 1093 )

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