2010—2017年住院新生儿疾病构成及死因分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2019.12.008

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Abstract Objective: To investigate the neonatal diseases and main causes for death in our neonatal department from 2010 to 2017. Methods: The clinical data of neonates who were admitted from January 2010 to December 2017 were retrospectively collected. The data were divided into two groups according to the year of admission (2010-2013 and 2014-2017). Incidence and mortality of major diseases were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 25 632 neonates were included in the study. The data of the two groups (2010-2013 vs. 2014-2017) were compared. The mortality rate significantly decreased from 2.19% to 1.66% (P=0.001) and the mortality rate in neonates with GA<28 weeks (25.32% vs. 15.77%, P=0.022) and GA≥37 weeks (1.64% vs. 1.02%, P<0.001) decreased significantly. The incidences of the following complications in premature infants increased: NRDS (9.43% vs. 10.76%, P<0.001), BPD (2.05% vs 3.40%, P<0.001), ROP (1.51% vs. 2.82%, P<0.001), NEC (1.25% vs. 1.90%, P<0.001), PVL (0.77‰ vs. 2.57‰, P=0.001), and the following incidence of birth defects was on the rise: congenital heart disease (16.97% vs. 19.72%, P<0.001), digestive/abdominal malformation (4.19% vs. 5.13%, P=0.001). The incidence decreased in neonatal asphyxia (5.12% vs 3.33%, P<0.001), and neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (2.74% vs. 1.46%, P<0.001). On the other hand, the mortality of infection (0.89% vs. 0.21%, P<0.001), preterm NEC (30.95% vs. 17.26%, P=0.008) and sepsis (3.07% vs.
1.15%, P=0.014) decreased significantly. In addition, the mean gestational age (GA) of the test tube baby was lower than that of spontaneous pregnant baby (32.67±0.12 weeks vs. 36.99±0.02 weeks, P<0.001), with higher mortality rate (4.26% vs. 1.79%, P<0.001). Conclusion: There was a decreasing trend in the overall mortality and mortality rate for infectious diseases from 2010 to 2017. As the survival rate of premature infants was increasing, it is of vital importance to take preventive and therapeutic measures to combat the complications of premature infants. The mean GA of test tube baby was significantly lower than that of natural conception yet the mortality was much higher. With the increased incidence of birth defects, which has become one of the major causes of death, further multidisciplinary collaboration is needed to reduce the birth defect potential.

Key words： infant, newborn mortality cause of death

Received: 18 June 2019

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	CHEN Si
	XIAO Xiuman
	LIU Yanli
	YOU Yaya
	JIN Linghuan
	CHEN Shangqin

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https://xb.wmu.edu.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.2095-9400.2019.12.008 OR https://xb.wmu.edu.cn/EN/Y2019/V49/I12/894

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