早产儿开始经口喂养的表现及影响因素

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摘要目的：观察早产儿开始经口喂养的表现并分析其影响因素。方法：观察102例早产儿开始经口喂养的表现，收集患儿基本资料，记录喂养行为状态及喂养准备行为，并记录5 min内经口奶量、总摄入奶量及喂养时间等，并计算其喂养速率和喂养成效。结果：不同出生胎龄、出生体质量和新生儿医学指数早产儿的喂养表现差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。多因素分析显示出生胎龄（OR=3.650，95%CI=1.123～4.531，P＜0.001）、出生体质量（OR=3.104，95%CI=1.207～4.301，P＜0.001）、吸吮反射（OR=2.031，95%CI=1.150～3.541，P=0.011）和新生儿医学指数（OR=0.612，95%CI=0.371～0.819，P=0.015）是早产儿开始经口喂养表现的影响因素。结论：临床护理人员应根据开始经口喂养的影响因素加强早产儿经口喂养管理。

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	刘嘉琪
	张坤桦
	张双红
	张丽萍

关键词 ：早产儿, 喂养表现, 影响因素

Abstract： Objective: To investigate the oral feeding performance in preterm infants at first oral feeding stage and analyze the influencing factors. Methods: One hundred and two premature infants at first oral feeding stages were evaluated, the basic data, the feeding milk transfer rates and the feeding proficiency were collected. Preparation behavior and behavior status in feeding, the volume of oral intaked milk within 5 minutes and the feeding time were recorded. Feeding velocity and feeding efficiency were calculated. Results: The feeding performance of preterm infants in the different gestational ages, birth weights and neonatal medical index showed significant differences (P<0.05). Multifactor analysis results showed that gestational age (OR= 3.650, 95%CI=1.123-4.531, P<0.001), birth weight (OR=3.104, 95%CI=1.207-4.301, P<0.001), sucking reflex (OR=2.031, 95%CI=1.150-3.541, P=0.011) and neonatal medical index (OR=0.612, 95%CI=0.371-0.819, P= 0.015) were influencing factors. Conclusion: Based on influencing factors, clinical nurses should strengthen the management of oral feeding in the preterm infants.

Key words： preterm infants feeding performance influencing factors

收稿日期: 2017-05-11

通讯作者: 张丽萍，主任护师，Email：zlp80090@126.com。

作者简介: 刘嘉琪（1991-），女，浙江台州人，硕士生

链接本文:

https://xb.wmu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 https://xb.wmu.edu.cn/CN/Y2018/V48/I2/138

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