温州女性盆底功能障碍性疾病流行病学研究

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摘要目的：调查温州地区女性盆底功能障碍性疾病（PFD）的患病率，分析患病的影响因素，了解农村和城市妇女PFD患病率的差异。方法：采用分层随机抽样的方法，对温州地区成年有性生活史的女性986例进行问卷调查和妇科检查，分别采用单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析对PFD的相关因素进行分析，筛选出疾病发生的高危因素。结果：调查对象中盆腔器官脱垂的患病率为17.0%，压力性尿失禁的患病率为24.7%，大便失禁的患病率为0.7%。影响盆腔器官脱垂患病的相关因素中阴道分娩、年龄＞40岁和2型糖尿病这3个变量进入回归方程；影响压力性尿失禁患病的相关因素中慢性咳嗽、高血压、阴道分娩、文化程度初中及以下、年龄＞40岁和体质量指数≥25 kg/m2这6个变量进入回归方程。结论：PFD的患病率随着年龄的增加而升高。阴道分娩、年龄＞40岁、糖尿病、慢性咳嗽、高血压、文化程度初中及以下、体质量指数≥25 kg/m2为PFD的独立危险因素。在被调查女性中PFD患病率高，需加强对该病相关知识的宣传普及，预防该病的发生，改善患者生活质量。

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关键词 ：盆腔器官脱垂, 压力性尿失禁, 大便失禁, 危险因素

Abstract：Objective: To investigate the epidemiology of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) of the women in Wenzhou, analyze the relative risk factors resulted in PFD and study the differences of the prevalence of PFD between rural areas and urban areas. Methods: A total of 986 women recruited randomly were performed questionnaire survey and gynecological examination. The data were analyzed by Univariate Chi-square test and the logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of pelvic organ prolapsed (POP), stress incontinence (SUI), fecal incontinence (FI) of the women in Wenzhou was 17%, 24.7% and 0.7% respectively. The multivariate logistic regress analysis of the risk factors of POP showed that vaginal delivery (OR 3.5), age>40 (OR 2.1) and diabetes mellitus (OR 3.4) contributed to the development of POP; The multivariate logistic regress analysis of the risk factors of SUI showed that chronic cough (OR 3.6), hypertension (OR 1.7), vaginal delivery (OR 2.6), BMI≥25 kg/m2 (OR 1.7), education level below junior middle school (OR 1.4) and age>40 (OR 1.4) contributed to the development of SUI. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of PFD shows a general trend of increase with age. The independent risk factors of PFD are vaginal delivery, age>40, diabetes mellitus, chronic cough, hypertension, BMI≥25 kg/m2, education level below junior middle school. It is necessary to enhance the health education about PFD for women in Wenzhou,so that to prevent PFD effectively and make progress of life quality of the women with PFD.

Key words： pelvic organ prolapse stress incontinence fecal incontinence risk factor

收稿日期: 2015-11-09

基金资助:温州市科技局科研基金资助项目（Y20140131）。

作者简介: 陈聪（1980-），女，浙江温州人，主治医师。

链接本文:

https://xb.wmu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 https://xb.wmu.edu.cn/CN/Y2016/V46/I3/194

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