The relationship between cognitive function impairment and 25 (OH) D3 levels in children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome
CAI Weini1, 2, YU Chenyi1, ZHONG Peipei3, CAI Xiaohong1.
1.Department of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; 2.Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, China; 3.Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
CAI Weini,YU Chenyi,ZHONG Peipei, et al. The relationship between cognitive function impairment and 25 (OH) D3 levels in children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome[J]. JOURNAL OF WEZHOU MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, 2024, 54(8): 664-669.
Abstract：Objective: To analyze the relationship between cognitive function and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] levels in children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and explore the mechanism of cognitive function impairment in children with OSAHS. Methods: From January 2022 to January 2023, 100 children admitted to the Department of Pediatric Sleep Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University due to “snoring” were selected. According to the results of overnight polysomnography monitoring, 50 children in the OSAHS group and 50 children in the simple snoring group. And 30 healthy children who underwent physical examinations in the same period were selected as healthy group. The sleep monitoring data, cognitive function, and serum 25(OH)D3 levels of children in the healthy group, simple snoring group, and OSAHS group were compared. Results: Compared with the healthy group and the simple snoring group, children with OSAHS had decreased sleep effficiency (SE), reduced deep sleep time (SWM sleep), increased light sleep time (I+II sleep), statistically significant differences in minimum oxygen saturation (L-SpO2) and obstructive apnea hypopnea index (OAHI) among the three groups (P<0.05).The serum 25(OH)D3 levels in children with OSAHS were decreased significantly (P<0.05). The planned level and attention level of children in OSAHS group decreased (P<0.05), with no statistically significant differences in simultaneous processing and sequential processing levels among the three groups (P>0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the serum 25(OH)D3 levels of OSAHS children were positively correlated with L-SpO2 (r=0.793, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with OAHI (r=-0.559, P<0.001). 25(OH)D3 level was positively correlated with the planning level (r=0.615, P<0.001) and attention level (r=0.558, P<0.001). The OAHI in OSAHS children was negatively correlated with the planned level (r=-0.630, P<0.001) and attention level (r=-0.538, P<0.001). L-SpO2 of children with OSAHS was positively correlated with the planned level (r=0.841,P<0.001) and attention level (r=0.477, P<0.001) in OSAHS children. Conclusion: The level of serum 25(OH)D3 in children is associated with OSAHS, the severity of OSAHS is negatively correlated with the level of 25(OH)D3.The cognitive function impairment of children with OSAHS is positively correlated with the 25(OH)D3 level,and the severity of OSAHS is positively related to cognitive function impairment. Hence, the decrease in serum 25(OH)D3 levels may exacerbate the cognitive impairment in children with OSAHS.
