An analysis of the association between the depth of periodontal exploration, the level of attachment loss,and the occurrence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea
WU Wan1, ZENG Haihuan2, XIE Yupeng2,DING Xi1.
1.Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015; 2.Department of Sleep Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015
WU Wan,ZENG Haihuan,XIE Yupeng, et al. An analysis of the association between the depth of periodontal exploration, the level of attachment loss,and the occurrence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea[J]. JOURNAL OF WEZHOU MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, 2023, 53(10): 814-818.
Abstract：Objective: To investigate the correlation between the depth of periodontal exploration, the level of attachment loss, and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: Totally 157 subjects suspected of OSA due to snoring and undergoing polysomnography monitoring between June 2020 and August 2023 were examined for periodontal probing depth and attachment loss level. According to the severity of the condition, they were divided as healthy group (control group) (AHI<5 times/h, 61 cases), mild OSA group (5≤AHI<15 times/h,30 cases), moderate OSA group (15≤AHI<30 times/h, 33 cases), and severe OSA group (AHI≥30 times/h, 33 cases). The first part was divided into two groups: the control group (AHI<5 times/h) with 61 cases and the OSA group (AHI≥5 times/h) with 96 cases; The second part was divided into two groups: 30 cases in the mild OSA group (5≤AHI<15 times/h) and 66 cases in the moderate to severe OSA group (AHI≥15 times/h). General information and differences in periodontal indicators were compared among each group, and binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the associated factors of OSA occurrence and the factors that affected the severity of OSA. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established for evaluation and analysis of the depth of periodontal exploration, the level of attachment loss, and the occurrence and severity of OSA. Results:There were statistically significant difference in periodontal exploration depth, attachment loss level, and diastolic blood pressure between the OSA group and the control group (P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression showed that an increase in attachment loss level (OR=1.225, 95%CI=1.084-1.385, P=0.001) and an increase in periodontal exploration depth (OR=1.545, 95%CI=1.336-1.787, P<0.001) were associated factors affecting the occurrence of OSA. The ROC curve showed that the level of attachment loss, the depth of exploration, and the area under the ROC curve for joint assessment of OSA occurrence were 0.752, 0.905, and 0.927, respectively. There was significant difference in the level of attachment loss between the mild and moderate to severe groups (P<0.01),while there was no statistical difference in the depth of periodontal exploration between the mild and moderate to severe groups (P>0.05). Binary Logistic regression showed that the level of attachment loss (OR=1.256,95%CI=1.108-1.423, P<0.001) was an associated factor for moderate to severe OSA. The ROC curve showed that the area under the ROC curve for assessing the level of attachment loss in moderate to severe OSA was 0.770,which was of evaluation value for moderate to severe OSA. Conclusion: There is a correlation between the level of attachment loss, depth of exploration, and the occurrence of OSA, and the level of attachment loss is correlated to the severity of OSA.
