Objective: To investigate the correlation between maternal fever caused by infection during pregnancy and the prognosis of perineonate. Methods: The clinical data of 92 cases in our hospital with maternal fever caused by infection during pregnancy were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The chief causes of maternal fever caused by infection during pregnancy were upper respiratory tract infection and premature rupture of membranes. The 92 cases were divided into group I, including 41 cases of highest body temperature exceed 38.5 ℃
and group II, including 51 cases of highest body temperature lower than 38.5 ℃. Meanwhile, 52 cases with the time of termination of pregnancy less than 12 h and 40 cases with the time of termination of pregnancy longer than 12 h were assigned into group A and group B respectively. The findings showed that the incidences of intra-uterine asphyxia, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal hypoxic, ischemic encephalopathy and neonatal septicemia in group I were significantly higher than those in group II (P<0.05). The incidences of intra-uterine asphyxia, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal pneumonia, neonatal hypoxic, ischemic encephalopathy and neonatal septicemia in group A were significantly lower than those in group B (P<0.05). The plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α in two patients were raised apparently, of whom neonatal septicemia appeared. Conclusion: Major causes of maternal fever caused by infection during pregnancy are upper respiratory tract infection and premature rupture of membranes. The severe level of fever and the occasion of termination of pregnancy have considerable influence to prognosis of perineonate.